Simvastatin (Zocor) is a prescription medication classified as a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. It reduces elevated levels of total cholesterol and may also prevent heart attack and stroke in individuals who have high cholesterol and coronary heart disease (CHD). Simvastatin inhibits the 3-hydroxy-3-methyglutaryl-cpenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme that controls the formation of cholesterol. By binding to the HMG-CoA receptors (molecules), simvastatin prevents the formation of cholesterol, and the body will use the cholesterol from food. Although simvastatin is well tolerated, side effects may account for discontinuation of the medication. According to RxList, 1.4 percent of individuals in the clinical trials stopped taking the medication because of the side effects.
Constipation
A common side effect of simvastatin is constipation. Constipation can occur in up to 2 percent of users, as seen in the "Drug Information Handbook." This may also lead to abdominal discomfort and bloating and flatulence. Exercising regularly, drinking plenty of fluids and eating fruits and fiber may help with these effects.
Nausea and Vomiting
Nausea and vomiting are also common with the administration of simvastatin. Abdominal pain is also common. Try chewing gum or sucking on hard candy to help with this. Also, take your medication at bedtime or with food to avoid these side effects. Some individuals may experience headache. Most of these side effects will diminish as you body adjusts to the drug. If any of them become too severe, consult a health care provider.
Upper Respiratory Infection
Simvastatin may also cause an upper respiratory infection. According to RxList, in the clinical trials performed, up to 9 percent of individuals treated experienced an upper respiratory infection. In post-marketing observations, the frequency is less occurring in about 2 percent, states the "Drug Information Handbook." Though the frequency may not be as high in the general population, this is still a concern and may require further medical intervention. If you experience any symptoms of an upper respiratory infection, such as coughing, sore throat, nasal congestion or wheezing, consult a physician.
Muscle Pain and Weakness
Simvastatin can affect the muscles and manifests as pain, weakness or numbness in the muscles and body. This occurs in less than 1 percent of individuals, but it is a serious, life-threatening side effect and requires immediate medical attention.
References
- "Drug Information Handbook 15th Edition"; Charles F. Lacy, RPh, PharmD, FCSHP, Lora L. Armstrong, RPh, PharmD, BCPS. et al; 2007
- RxList: Zocor
