Many contraception methods are available to couples to prevent pregnancy. No method is considered 100 percent safe against pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. Discuss birth control options with your gynecologist. Depending on your age and health status, certain methods may not be recommended.
Condoms
Condoms are easy to use and available over the counter or in aisles at any pharmacy. They're designed to protect from pregnancy and may also protect from sexually transmitted infections. Most are made up of latex or plastic, and some may contain spermicides. If you or your partner has an allergy to latex, use latex-free condoms only. Always store condoms in a cool, dry place, as they may break down when exposed to heat.
Birth Control Pills
Among the birth control pills available are combination pills, which contain synthetic estrogen and progestin, and those that contain progestin only (sometimes referred to as the mini-pill). These pills work by inhibiting ovulation and thickening cervical mucous. If you're older than 35 and a smoker or have experienced certain cancers, this method may not be a good choice. Side effects, although rare, include blood clot, heart attack or stroke. Birth control pills do not protect against sexually transmitted diseases or HIV.
Depo Provera
Depo Provera is a synthetic progestin given intramuscularly (injection) every three months. This method acts in the same way as the birth control pill, by inhibiting ovulation and altering cervical mucous. The birth control shot is one of the most effective methods of birth control available, reports Planned Parenthood. This method does not protect against sexually transmitted infections.
IUDs
An IUD (intrauterine device) is a small, T-shaped device that's inserted into the uterus during a routine office visit. It's thought to work by affecting the way sperm moves, and altering the uterine lining. One type is made of plastic and has a small amount of progestin in it, which lasts up to five years. The other is made up of copper and may be used for up to 10 years. Once you have an IUD inserted, it's your responsibility to check for the strings in your vagina to ensure that it has not become displaced. Rare side effects include uterine perforation and infection. This method doesn't protect against sexually transmitted infections.
