Muscle twitching refers to movements that affect only a certain region of the body. MedlinePlus says that muscle twitches occur when the muscle contracts. These muscle contractions can be normal or they may be a sign of a medical problem. Fortunately, the causes of a muscle twitch can be be managed.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a condition in which the nerves in the brain and spinal cord become severely damaged.
ALS symptoms include muscle twitching, muscle cramps and weakness. This disease also causes trouble breathing or swallowing, paralysis, voice changes and hoarseness. Other ALS symptoms include weight loss, drooling, muscle spasms and feet, leg or ankle swelling.
The cause for ALS is unknown. However, 10 percent of its sufferers have a genetic defect, says MedlinePlus.
No cure for ALS exists but medications such as rilozole, diazepam and baclofen can be given to manage this condition. Physical therapy, braces and a wheelchair can help mobility.
Spinal Muscular Atrophy
MedlinePlus says that spinal muscular atrophy is a medical condition in which the muscles begin to get weak and deteriorate. This disease typically affects infants and children.
Symptoms of spinal muscular atrophy include muscle twitching, trouble breathing, trouble feeding and poor muscle tone. Other symptoms include a poor posture and frequent respiratory infections.
A risk factor for spinal muscular atrophy includes having a family history of it.
No treatment exists for spinal muscular atrophy but physical therapy and bracing of the back may help manage its symptoms.
Muscular Dystrophy
The Mayo Clinic reports that muscular dystrophy is a disease in which the muscle fibers in the body can become damaged.
Muscle twitching, muscle weakness, falls and a waddling gait are just some of its symptoms. Other symptoms of muscular dystrophy include mental retardation, weakening of the muscles, dizziness, fainting and trouble sleeping.
Inheriting a defective gene leads to muscular dystrophy.
Treating muscular dystrophy involves physical therapy to strengthen the muscles and taking medications such as baclofen, mexilitine or azathioprine to manage its symptoms. Using braces or walkers and surgery can also be utilized.
Other Causes
Other causes of muscle twitching include consuming excessive amounts of caffeine or exercising. Muscle twitching can also be a side effect of such medications as corticosteroids or diuretics, according to MedlinePlus. Stress and anxiety can also trigger muscle twitching.
