While the term "acids" when used for the face may bring fear or uncertainty to some, alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) are just the right blend for some to see improved skin. Alpha hydroxy acids are derived from fruits, milk or sugar cane and utilize natural methods for skin exfoliation and softened texture. Approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration for use in many cosmetic products, AHAs can safely be used on the skin with minimal side effects.
Glycolic Acid
Glycolic acid is derived from sugar cane juice and is a common ingredient in many facial products, including lotions, gels and light peels. Glycolic acid is used to treat a number of conditions related to the face, including dark spots related to sun damage, fine wrinkles, enlarged pores, eczema, sagging skin and keratosis conditions that cause small white bumps to develop on the skin. When used as an everyday application, glycolic acid can improve the appearance of age-related signs, such as fine lines, age spots or very dry areas. It is often applied in concentrations of 10 percent or less, according to Acne.org. However, higher concentrations are used for application for a chemical peel. In stronger percentages, glycolic acid can bind with healthy skin cells, which then results in damaged or dead skin cells being shed.
Lactic Acid
Lactic acid is derived from a number of sources, including sour milk, molasses, apples, tomato juice and alcoholic beverages such as beer and wine. Lactic acid has many of the same effects as glycolic acid, yet may be slightly milder, making it a better fit for those with sensitive skin. Lactic acid can be used to treat acne, scarring related to acne, blackheads, sun-damaged skin, fine wrinkles, large pores, sagging skin, eczema and extremely dry skin from keratosis. Those with rosacea also may experience skin improvements with lactic acid applications. Lactic acid can be used in daily applications of lotions, face washes or gels, or can be used in higher concentrations using chemical peels. Lactic acid can moisturize the skin, but also exfoliates dead skin cells and penetrates the skin's outer layer to boost collagen production, which can make the skin appear more firm.
Citric Acid
Derived from oranges and lemons, citric acid utilizes the antioxidant properties of vitamin C. Antioxidants are substances that fight free radicals in the body that cause inflammation. Citric acid applications, such as lotions and clarifying masks, work to destroy free radicals while stimulating cell growth. This makes the skin appear firmer.
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