Cerumen, or earwax, is a natural substance found in the ear. Earwax is a natural defense against foreign particles from entering the ear canal and causing damage, such as infection or hearing problems. When the wax builds up in the ear and becomes hard, this is called an earwax blockage. In most cases, a blockage is not a serious concern, but removing it may be important. When done correctly, the wax can be removed at home, but consult a doctor for painful or persistent blockages. Never attempt to remove ear wax by inserting cotton swabs or other objects down into the ear, especially in children.
Wax Softening
Soft wax can exit the ear without any assistance. When the wax becomes hard, it is possible for it to become lodged in the ear. Attempting to soften the wax is an effective treatment method. A natural way to soften the wax is to places several drops of warm oil in the affected ear. Choices include baby oil, mineral oil or glycerin. Placing the container of oil in a glass of warm water can provide sufficient heat. Use a dropper to place the oil into the ear. The Mayo Clinic recommends doing this twice per day for no more than 4 to 5 days. The softened wax should exit the ear canal enough that a wash cloth or cotton swab can be used to wipe it away from the outer ear.
Rinsing
When softened wax does not move out of the ear, a rubber-bulb syringe can be used to rinse the ear canal. Merck Manuals recommends letting the oils set for about 15 minutes before attempting to rinse the ear. Warm water in a bulb-syringe can be squirted into the ear while the head is tilted to allow the water to stay inside the ear. The Mayo Clinic suggests tilting the head upright, pulling the outer ear up and back to allow the ear canal to straighten and then tilting the ear to the side to allow the water to drain. Use a blow dryer or towel to completely dry the ear to complete the treatment.
Ear Drops
Over-the-counter ear drops may be recommended by your doctor for treating a wax buildup. These products are usually made with carbamide peroxide. Many come in kits with drops and a syringe. The drops may or may not be warmed and then placed in the ear. Some recommend a warm water rinse with a bulb-syringe. Commercial ear drops should only be used when absolutely necessary or under the advice of a medical professional. Merck Manuals recommends using the drops sparingly and to avoid inserting anything into the ear that could pierce the ear drum or push the wax deeper inside.
