Asperger's syndrome patients have motor and social skills problems, though they have more advanced language skills that patients with other types of autism spectrum disorders. The disorder cannot be cured; instead, treatment focuses on helping the patient function in social situations. The outlook depends on the patient's current level of function and IQ: the National Institutes of Health (NIH) states that an Asperger's syndrome patient with a higher IQ has a better treatment outcome.
Medication
When medication is prescribed for an Asperger's syndrome patient, it is for comorbid conditions, such as depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), according to the Neurology Channel. A patient may be given an antidepressant, such as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), such as fluoxetine, or a tricyclic antidepressant, such as clomipramine, for mood and anxiety problems. Stimulants, such as methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine, help the patient with inattention and hyperactivity symptoms. If medication is used, the patient should be monitored closely for any adverse side effects; for example, antidepressants can cause an increase in suicidal thoughts and behaviors in children.
Skills Training
A major aspect in Asperger's syndrome treatment is skills training, which helps the patient overcome social problems. The NIH states that the training uses the patient's strengths to compensate for his difficulties. Skills training focuses on teaching the patient socialization and communication techniques, such as interpreting non-verbal communication, which many patients have problems with. The training can also help the patient with his speaking rhythm, as some patients speak in a monotonous or rigid tone.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
The Mayo Clinic states that cognitive behavioral therapy, a type of psychotherapy, works at decreasing problem behaviors, such as outbursts and obsessions. For example, an Asperger's syndrome patient may participate in rituals and become upset when they are broken. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps the patient recognize that her ritualistic behavior is not healthy and teaches her how to cope with obsessions that drive her to participate in those behaviors.
