1. Take the Initial Steps
Current research for treatment of anorexia is continuously being updated and evaluated. However, according to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), a division of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), three key factors must be addressed when treating anorexia, and early diagnosis is essential for successful long-term recovery.
First the patient should regain lost weight and maintain a healthy weight for his age and height. In severe cases, hospitalization might be necessary if he refuses to increase his caloric intake.
Second, treat the eating disorder symptoms and the underlying psychological issues surrounding the patient's feelings related to the eating disorder. Anxiety, depression and low self-esteem are typical feelings people experience when they are struggling with an eating disorder.
Finally, recovery and relapse prevention must be addressed. Relapse is common; however, an eating disorder is treatable and an individual can fully recover.
2. Assemble a Treatment Team
There are two types of treatment options: inpatient and outpatient therapy. More severe cases typically demand inpatient therapy. Anorexics often attempt to recover via an outpatient treatment setting first, but if they cannot overcome the illness and suffer severe weight loss, in-patient hospitalization might be necessary. In crisis situations, use of a feeding tube could be required. Each plan should be specific to every individual, as no two cases are alike.
The treatment team should include a nutritionist, a licensed mental health professional and a medical doctor. Preferably, a psychiatrist and a primary care doctor should be on the team. A nutritionist can assist with establishing healthy food choices and monitor food intake. A licensed mental health professional will work to develop healthy cognitive behavioral patterns to overcome the eating disorder. A medical doctor will provide medical management.
3. Know the Types of Therapy
Currently, there are numerous treatment models. According to the NIMH, some antidepressants can help individuals combat the depressive and anxious feelings that accompany anorexia.
Various forms of psychotherapy help anorexics, including but are not limited to cognitive-behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, family therapy, group therapy and mindfulness. However, there are no long-term studies that establish the effectiveness of one form of psychotherapy over another.
