Urine typically has an odor that can vary from sweet to foul, suggests the Mayo Clinic. Urine odor can become stronger or unusual for a variety of reasons. This change in smell takes place when the chemicals processed through the kidneys change in quantity and intensity. In most cases a strong urine smell can be the result of something as simple as eating asparagus. It is important to talk with a doctor about urine odor that is persistent, as it can be a symptom of some serious health conditions.
Dehydration
Inadequate fluid consumption can cause urine to be highly concentrated and give off a strong ammonia-like smell. It is likely that the urine will be darker in color as well. Simply drinking plenty of fluids will resolve the odor as well as the darkened urine. Persistent dehydration or other unusual symptoms should be reported to a doctor immediately.
Liver Failure
When the liver breaks down and does not carry out its duties, urine can become a different color as well as odor. The Mayo Clinic lists several important liver functions including the breakdown of harmful substances, removing bi-products from the blood and maintaining normal chemical levels in the blood. Liver failure will present may other symptoms like abdominal pain and swelling, and yellow skin and eyes.
Urinary Tract Infection
A urinary tract infection occurs when any part of the urinary system becomes infected with bacteria or a virus. The tract is made up of the ureters, bladder, urethra and kidneys. An infection can occur in all or some parts of the urinary tract. Depending on what section is infected, there will be other symptoms associated with strong urine odor. Cystitis, or the inflammation of the bladder, is similar to a urinary tract infection, says the National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NKUDIC).
Diabetes
The Mayo Clinic suggests that diabetic ketoacidosis and Type 2 diabetes can cause strong urine odors. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a complication that occurs in diabetics when the body does not have enough sugar and it begins to break down fat for energy. This is similar to what occurs with type 2 diabetes, explains the American Diabetes Association. Strong odors are just some of the symptoms of this health condition. Symptoms of diabetes vary for each patient, but it is not uncommon to experience faintness, fatigue and excessive thirst.
Other Triggers
Consuming a strong-smelling food, supplement or beverage can change the odor of urine. Asparagus and coffee are two common edible items that contribute to urine changes. The Mayo Clinic lists vitamin B-6 supplements as a common cause of strong urine scent.
