A medical condition called dry eye syndrome occurs when the tear glands do not produce enough tears. Symptoms associated with dry eye syndrome include irritation in the eye and tired eyes. As an individual ages, the body naturally produces fewer tears, according to Medline Plus, so this condition is more common in the elderly. If left untreated, dry eyes may cause scars on the cornea and decreased vision. Treatments for dry eye syndrome are geared towards increasing moisture in the eyes.
Rest
Performing activities such as reading and using the computer may fatigue the eyes and cause increased dryness. Resting the eyes prevents fatigue and helps decrease the risk.
Humidifier
Using a humidifier in the house, especially in the dry winter months, helps relieve dry eyes. In the summer, avoiding air conditioners may help as well.
Drops and Ointment
Over-the-counter artificial tears help lubricate the eyes and prevent the uncomfortable side effects associated with dry eye syndrome. Ointments apply a thicker coating in the eye and may be more effective for severe cases. Ointment may cause blurry vision during use. Both drops and ointments provide temporary relief.
Supplements
Omega-3 fatty acids can help reduce the symptoms associated with dry eyes, according to the National Eye Institute. Increasing the amounts of omega-3 fatty acids in the diet by eating fatty fish such as tuna, salmon and mackerel at least twice a week will provide a sufficient amount of the essential fatty acid. Supplements are available for individuals who do not wish to eat fish.
Medication
An anti-inflammatory medication, available by prescription, may help treat dry eyes. Cyclosporine works to decrease damage to the cornea and helps increase the production of tears, according to the National Eye Institute. The twice-daily drops may take several months to provide the full effects of the medicine. Corticosteroids can provide relief from the inflammation associated with dry eyes. These prescription medications are prescribed for short-term use only.
Plugs
A physician can place lacrimal plugs in the corners of the eyelids. These plugs block the tear ducts from draining tears from the eye. Temporary and permanent plug options are available.
Surgery
For severe cases of dry eye syndrome, a doctor may perform surgery. The surgery, called punctual cautery, permanently closes the holes in the tear ducts.
