4 Ways to Use an Intrauterine Device (IUD) for Birth Control

1. Use an Intrauterine Device (IUD) for Effective Birth Control

An IUD is a small, plastic device inserted through the vagina into the uterus. A small string hangs out, but isn't noticeable, even during sex. An IUD works by changing the lining of the uterus, making it difficult for sperm to travel into the fallopian tubes, eggs to travel down the fallopian tubes or for implantation of an egg into the uterine wall. An IUD stays in place for 1 to 10 years, though many doctors won't leave it in place that long. The device is 99 percent effective in stopping pregnancy, but it doesn't protect against HIV or STDs. You will still have periods with an IUD.

2. Getting an IUD Inserted

Your doctor is the only person who can prescribe an IUD and place it into the uterus. Before insertion, you will undergo several tests, including a breast exam, Pap smear and pregnancy test. If there are any problems with your tests, your doctor may decide an IUD isn't for you. Counseling is often involved with the placement of an IUD, so that you're fully aware of all the benefits and risks. Doctors are most comfortable placing an IUD during the menstrual cycle to decrease the chance you're pregnant, and because the cervix is more open during menstruation. Your doctor is the only one who can remove an IUD.

3. Learn the Benefits of an IUD

Many women prefer IUDs since they allow spontaneity during sex; you don't have to stop what you're doing to use a birth control. Breastfeeding mothers can use IUDs and you don't have to remember to do anything like other forms of birth control.

4. Review Risks With an IUD

Most women complain of cramping after insertion. In addition, women with IUDs may have heavier, more painful menstrual cycles, though with Mirena this effect is less, since Mirena releases a little bit of a hormone to prevent a heavier menstrual cycle. However, the hormone has side effects of stopping periods, ovarian cysts, headaches and weight gain. Other side effects of an IUD include complications with the IUD imbedding itself into the uterine wall or perforating the uterine wall, miscarriage if pregnancy does occur or fertility issues in the future. Doctors recommend that you check the strings from your IUD after each menstrual cycle and report any unusual symptoms to your care provider. However, side effects with an IUD are rare.