Anxiety disorder, or generalized anxiety disorder, is characterized by both physical and psychological symptoms. These can cause a person to worry excessively, feel restless, irritable or have panic attacks. Other symptoms can be fatigue, muscle tension and changes in sleep or appetite. Several treatment options are available to help effectively alleviate some or all of these symptoms.
Psychotherapy
Finding a qualified therapist who is knowledgeable in treating anxiety disorders is an important component of treatment. The Anxiety Disorders Association of America describes several treatment approaches that can be used to treat symptoms. Some of these include cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Psychotherapy involves examining the thought patterns that lead the patient to feel the symptoms of anxiety. The patient can learn new ways of thinking which can then be applied outside the therapist's office. Another aspect of treatment is exposure to the anxiety-producing event. A person who is afraid of snakes can be gradually exposed first through pictures, then eventually up close until the fear has resolved.
Psychotropic Medications
There are several drugs available to address the symptoms of anxiety. The National Institute of Mental Health states that anti-depressants, anti-anxiety medications and beta blockers are the most commonly used medications to treat anxiety. Some common anti-depressants are Zoloft, Prozac and Celexa. Anti-anxiety medications are called benzodiazepines; commonly used ones are Xanax and Buspar. Beta blockers are typically used to control the physical symptoms of anxiety such as trembling and sweating. Several side effects must be noted such as upset stomach, headache and nausea. Medications in combination with psychotherapy can be very effective.
Alternative Approaches
Other approaches to treating anxiety can be used in conjunction with therapy and medication. Some of these treatments include acupuncture, where small needles are inserted in various places in the patient's body. Acupuncture is thought to improve a patient's energy flow. Other alternative approaches include yoga, meditation, exercise and massage therapy.
