Intestinal flu, often called the stomach flu, is caused by an infection of the small intestine by a number of viruses. The stomach flu is highly contagious. It is not associated with the seasonal flu or influenza. The intestinal flu can infect anyone who comes in contact with the virus responsible for infection. eMedTV.com lists several common stomach flu viruses, including rotavirus, adenovirus, caliciviruses and the Norwalk virus. No cure is effective in killing the intestinal flu virus; instead, the illness is left to run its course for one to 10 days.
Diarrhea
Diarrhea is a common symptom of intestinal flu. This is just one of the ways the body tries to rid itself of the toxin responsible for the infection. The University of Maryland Medical Center points out that abdominal cramping and/or abdominal pain may accompany the frequent bouts of diarrhea. The stool is likely to be watery but of greater volume than typical bowel movements. The diarrhea can be any number of colors, but black or red should be reported to a medical professional immediately. Black stools can indicate internal bleeding, and any blood in the stool indicates a more serious infection. It is not uncommon to find some mucus in the stool because the intestines secrete this substance as a way to calm the irritation from the infection.
Vomiting
Vomiting may accompany diarrhea, or it may appear alone, depending on the virus causing the illness. Nausea may or may not accompany the vomiting. Serious infections that result in vomiting blood or a substance that looks like coffee grounds require medical attention. Like diarrhea, vomiting may be accompanied by abdominal discomfort. Infants may not want to eat or drink for several hours after a bout of intestinal flu. It is important to try and offer them fluids frequently to prevent dehydration. Intravenous fluids may be necessary for infants and children who do not take rehydration solutions or any other form of liquid.
General Illness
eMedTV.com points out that some people will experience a headache, fatigue and a general feeling of sickness with many forms of intestinal flu. A fever can occur with some viral infections of the intestines. This can lead to chills, clammy skin and excessive sweating, indicates the UMMC. Some body and muscle aches or pain can occur as a result of the illness. Dehydration is possible and common with intestinal flu. A lack of fluids in the body tissues can also cause muscle pains or joint stiffness.
