Omega-3 fatty acids are renowned for their ability to promote the health of the heart, skin, joints and central nervous system. The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine notes that omega-3 supplements in the form of fish oil are the best-selling nonvitamin supplements sold in the United States. The three core omega-3 fats, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and alpha linoleic acid (ALA), have a variety of natural sources. Supplement manufacturers offer several varieties of omega-3 oil supplements to appeal to the needs of each consumer.
Fish Oil
By far the most popular form of omega-3 oil supplement, fish oil contains large amounts of DHA and EPA. The National Institutes of Health notes that most studies of omega-3 supplements have used DHA and EPA from fish oil. Strong evidence supports the use of fish oil as a complementary treatment for several forms of heart disease. Fish oil supplements are commonly extracted from salmon, cod, tuna or anchovy.
Algae Oil
Some supplement manufacturers offer DHA/EPA formulas derived from algae oil. These present a viable alternative to vegetarians who wish to avoid fish products. However, most algae-oil formulas contain only small amounts of EPA compared to DHA.
Red Krill Oil
Oils derived from krill contain similar ratios of DHA and EPA compared to fish oil. Additionally, red krill oil contains astaxanthin, a powerful antioxidant compound similar to beta carotene.
Flaxseed
A potent source of alpha linoleic acid (ALA), flaxseed oil is extremely popular among vegetarians and vegans. The National Institutes of Health note that only limited scientific evidence supports the use of ALA as an alternative to DHA/EPA supplements.
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