As of 2010, 1 in 3 children in the United States is obese, according to KidsHealth. With the busy lives many families lead, fast food often replaces home-cooked meals. In addition, children are spending more time watching television and playing video games and less time exercising. Obesity is a dangerous condition that can lead to serious health problems. It is important to understand what causes obesity and how it can be prevented.
Definition
According to the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, being obese does not mean a child is just a few pounds overweight. Obesity means that a child weighs at least 10 percent more than the recommended weight for his body type and height. While obesity can occur at any age, it usually starts when a child is around 5 or 6 years old or sometimes in adolescence.
Causes
The KidsHealth website explains that there are many factors that can lead to obesity. Sometimes, genetics play a role. A child's body is built with genes that tell it how to deal with fat. But often, a child's lifestyle is responsible. Many children are fed fast food and prepackaged foods that are convenient, but high in fat and calories. In addition, TV and video games can replace physical play. Some children do not get enough exercise. Some schools are eliminating physical education classes.
Consequences
There are many physical and psychological effects of obesity. The National Institutes of Health states that obese children are more likely to develop illnesses, like diabetes. In addition, obesity can cause high blood pressure, heart disease and can even lead to stroke. Obese children also suffer psychological problems, like depression and a low self-esteem as a result of being teased. Obese children are also more likely to become obese adults.
Treatment
Obese children should be seen by a doctor to assure that there are no medical causes for weight gain. The American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry explains that if no physical disorder is present, the only way a child can lose weight is to increase physical activity and to reduce fat and calorie intake. The entire family can get involved by planning healthier meals and exercising together. There are also eating disorder support groups or counselors available that may be helpful.
Prevention
KidsHealth advises that parents should not force their children to finish what is on their plates. Instead, teach a child to stop eating when she feels full. Explain that she only has to eat when she is hungry. Do not use food as a reward. Doing so only reinforces bad habits which can continue into the future. Do not make certain foods forbidden. Children may rebel and overindulge when a parent is not present. Instead, teach that everything is OK in moderation.
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