Many people begin cycling after injuries from running or other high-impact activities stack up. Although cycling is not a weight-bearing activity, knee pain may sometimes still develop, leaving cyclists perplexed. The biomechanics of the entire lower extremity and movement of the knee must be considered when pain develops from cycling.
Causes
There are a multitude of potential causes of knee pain from cycling. One common cause is maltracking of the patella. When the kneecap does not properly track in the groove of the femur, the result is friction and pain. Also, iliotibial band tightness, also known as IT band friction syndrome, produces pain on the lateral aspect of the knee with flexion and extension. Patellar tendon injuries, such as tendonitis, may also result in knee pain, usually on the front portion of the knee.
Evaluation
A qualified health care professional should evaluate the knee to determine the root cause of the problem. Special orthopedic tests will be performed. If needed, x-rays will also be ordered. Occasionally, more extensive diagnostic testing, such as an MRI or CT scan, may be ordered as well.
Treatment
Treatment will be determined by the cause of the pain. A home exercise program may be given, or physical therapy may be ordered. Typical treatment consists of strengthening appropriately, especially focusing on the quadriceps and hamstrings, and doing soft tissue work to add flexibility to tight muscles. A combination of these therapies, over time, should effectively reduce or eliminate pain.
Braces
Various braces have been developed for knee injuries and may be useful in helping an injured cyclist return to riding. Some braces are designed to assist with patellar tracking, while simple knee bands are effective in helping reduce pain resulting from patellar tendon injury. It should be noted that braces should be used as an aid, not as a replacement for proper rehabilitation.
Prevention
Do not do too much too fast when you start cycling. Gradually increase your workload, intensity and frequency. Also, a strengthening program may help prevent injuries from developing. Proper equipment is also important when cycling. Using equipment of the wrong size will place more stress on the joints and muscles. A bicycle should be fitted to the rider.
References
- "Evaluation of Orthopedic and Athletic Injuries"; Chad Starkey, Sara Brown, Jeff Ryan, 2009
- The Knee Shop
