Burdock root enjoys a centuries-long tradition of use for a variety of ailments, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC). This reputed "blood purifier" and topical skin remedy also has gained attention as a potential diabetes treatment. Few studies have been conducted on this herb, however. Early research does suggest it can lower blood sugar, but the studies were not designed well, so this use remains questionable, advises the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Meanwhile, there are several safety concerns to be aware of.
Allergy Warning
People who have allergies to the Asteraceae/Compositae family should avoid burdock because severe allergic reactions have been associated with consuming burdock, advises NIH. This family of plants includes daisies, ragweed, marigolds and chrysanthemums. People also have reported allergic reactions after using burdock plasters on their skin. People who are allergic to pectin need to use care as well, according to NIH.
Considerations
It's better to be safe than sorry and avoid use of burdock root during pregnancy or breastfeeding because scientific evidence on its safety during these times is extremely limited, advises NIH. In addition, animal studies reveal that some components of burdock can stimulate the uterus. Burdock may, therefore, cause the uterus to abort the fetus, advises the Integrative Medicine Communications publication "Quick Access Patient Information on Conditions, Herbs and Supplements."
Function
Burdock may interact with a host of medications, according to NIH. Burdock has diuretic effects and can cause electrolyte imbalances or dehydration due to this factor, so it should not be taken in conjunction with diuretic drugs. As burdock might raise or lower blood sugar levels, people who take medicine that regulates blood sugar, such as insulin, need to approach using this root with caution. Burdock is shown in animal studies to increase risk of bleeding, so people taking aspirin or blood thinning drugs need to avoid it. Burdock also may have estrogen-like properties and may interact with birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy. There's a possible interaction between burdock and antibiotics as well as HIV, cancer and gout medications.
Theories/Speculation
Some people use burdock root to treat cancer. In fact, burdock is a key ingredient in the popular purported cancer remedy called Essiac. This use is based on a scientific theory; effectiveness and safety have not been proven. As cancer is a serious condition, use of burdock needs to be evaluated by a qualified health professional, warns NIH. Early research on burdock's anti-cancer effects and ability to enhance quality of life in cancer patients is somewhat promising, NIH notes. However, scientific evidence is far from clear cut, and more study is needed.
History
Dosing for burdock root is based largely on tradition, theory, scientific research or expert opinion. In fact, no specific adult dose has been proven safe or effective, advises NIH. That means supplements of this herb still may vary in their potency and other attributes, even when produced under the same name brand by the same manufacturer, as they are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration.
Burdock is often used in traditional Chinese medicine along with other herbs to treat sore throat and colds. Burdock root extract traditionally is included in herbal preparations and homeopathic remedies for many other ailments as well, according to UMMC.
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