The integumentary system is composed of the skin and such component parts as the underlying fat and nerves. Sometimes, certain infections or conditions can lead to skin problems. The skin may turn red, form blisters and swell. But there are ways to manage the disorders of the integumentary system.
Erythema Nodosum
MedlinePlus says that erythema nodosum refers to a condition in which the skin becomes inflamed with raised bumps (nodules) underneath the skin. Typically, these nodules develop on the shins, ankles, calves, buttocks and thighs. These lesions are flat, red, painful and hot to the touch. The skin may then turn purple and fade to a brown color. Other symptoms of erythema nodosum include joint aches, skin redness, a fever and feeling ill. Sometimes, the leg of the affected region may even swell.
Erythema nodosum can be due to such infections as streptococcus, cat scratch disease, tuberculosis and mononucleosis. Pregnancy and sensitivity to such medications as sulfonamides, amoxicillin and antibiotics can also lead to erythema nodosum.
Treating erythema nodosum involves taking medications like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, salicylates and applying topical medications such as creams and ointments. Also, cold and hot compresses can also decrease symptoms of erythema nodosum.
Dermatomyositis
The Mayo Clinic says that dermatomyositis is a skin condition that typically strikes people in their late 40s and early 60s. It says that symptoms of dermatomyositis include a violet or red-colored rash on the face, eyelids, nails, elbows, back and chest. Also, dermatomyositis can also lead to gradual muscle weakness, fatigue, weight loss and fever. This condition causes lung problems, gastrointestinal ulcers, muscle pain and trouble swallowing.
The Mayo Clinic says that the cause for dermatomyositis is unknown but infections such as bacteria, viruses and parasites may contribute to this condition.
Treating dermatomyositis involves taking such medications as corticosteroids and medications such as methotrexate and azathioprine. Pain relievers, intravenous immunoglobulin, tacrolimus and biologic therapies such as rituximab may be used to manage dermatomyositis. Physical, speech and occupational therapy are other ways in which to manage dermatomyositis. Other treatment options include surgery to remove any calcium deposits or skin infections.
Sweet Syndrome
Sweet syndrome, also known as acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is a skin condition that typically affects middle-aged women, says the Mayo Clinic. However, it can also affect men and infants.
Symptoms of Sweet syndrome include skin bumps that are painful and located on the back, face, neck, arms and back. It can also lead to a fever, mouth ulcers, a headache, fatigue and pink eye.
Pregnancy, bowel or bladder cancer, blood disorder, an upper respiratory tract infection and rheumatoid arthritis are just some causes of Sweet syndrome.
Treating Sweet syndrome involves taking systemic corticosteroids such as prednisone or prednisolone. Oral (taken by mouth) anti-inflammatory medications can also manage the redness, swelling and itchiness of this disease.
