Bipolar disorder causes episodes of extreme changes in feelings and behavior. The mood swings experienced by bipolar patients can dramatically shift from being deeply depressive to being energetic and enthusiastic. Bipolar disorder is also referred to as manic-depressive illness. Periods of mania and depression may last for days or months. It is usually a disorder that lasts throughout life, but it can be treated and managed through therapy and medication.
Manic Moods
A person in the manic phase of bipolar disorder may have a long period of feeling happy and outgoing, the National Institute of Mental Health explains. But the energy may also lead to irritability and agitation. The person may feel jumpy as if something has to be done right away, and then feel just as focused on another matter. A person with bipolar disorder often has ambitious plans because of the increased mental activity and energy during the phase.
Manic Behavior
People in the manic state may have racing thoughts and jump from one idea to another. Therefore, they might want to get on with doing something and will quickly take on new projects. They may be restless and easily distracted. Very often they get little sleep without experiencing any fatigue, according to the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI). Their increased physical energy and activity may lead to the unrealistic belief that they are capable of doing anything. This may result in acting impulsively, spending money recklessly and getting involved in risky behaviors, such as careless sex or abuse of alcohol and drugs.
Depressive Moods
There is a long period of feeling worried or empty during the depressive phase. People often feel sad and hopeless or they are consumed by anxiety. They may start losing interest in the activities they once enjoyed. It can lead to sexual disinterest. There may be thoughts of suicide.
Depressive Behavior
People going through the phase of depression may show signs of fatigue. Their activity and energy levels decrease. They may have difficulty concentrating, making decisions or remembering events. They can be irritable or restless. Their eating and sleeping patterns may change. They may start eating more or less, or sleep more or less than usual. The person may be more prone to crying for no apparent reason. Thoughts of death may lead to suicide or suicide attempts.
Mixed Signs
Some people have a mixed state of bipolar disorder. They may feel extremely sad and depressed, but at the same time they are energized much like the manic phase, according to NAMI.
