Atenolol, the generic name for Tenormin, is a prescription medication belonging to a class of drugs called beta-blockers. Beta-blockers block the beta receptors, which are found in the heart. Certain chemicals bind to these receptors and lead to an increased heart rate. When beta receptors are prevented from responding to these chemicals, the heart rate slows down and is able to pump blood using less force. Atenolol is used in the treatment of high blood pressure, long-term chest pain (angina) and by individuals who have had a heart attack. Because the drug is actively working in the body, many side effects are associated with its use.
Hypotension
Low blood pressure, also known as hypotension, may occur with the use of atenolol. According to the "Drug Information Handbook," up to 10 percent of individuals may experience this side effect. Be careful when standing up from a sitting or lying position or when climbing stairs. Bradycardia, or slow heartbeat, may also been seen in about 5 percent of people. If you experience worsening of side effects or chest pain, seek immediate medical help.
Dizziness
Dizziness may occur in about 5 percent of users of atenolol. The "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach" textbook states that this side effect should diminish as the body grows accustomed to the medication. Be careful when operating a vehicle and performing any activity that requires alertness. Headache may occur in about 5 percent of people, but will diminish as well.
Diarrhea
Diarrhea is another common side effect of atenolol. It may occur in 1 to 10 percent of individuals. Drink plenty of fluids and eat small, frequent meals to help with this bothersome adverse effect. If diarrhea continues past three days, seek medical help. Nausea is also associated with atenolol; about 5 percent of users will experience nausea. Try sucking on hard candy or chewing gum.
Insomnia
Atenolol has the potential to cause insomnia in up to 10 percent of people. Difficulty sleeping may be associated with the lethargy seen in about 5 percent of people. Remember that these side effects will gradually decrease as your body gets used to the medication. If these side effects worsen, call your physician.
References
- "Drug Information Handbook 15th Edition"; Charles F. Lacy, RPh, PharmD, FCSHP, Lora L. Armstrong, RPh, PharmD, BCPS. et al; 2007
- "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach"; Joseph T. Dipiro, Robert L. Talbert, et al; 2008
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