Breathing rate, also known as respiration rate, is the number of breaths a person takes in a minute. While this rate can vary greatly from person to person, there is a range that's considered normal. However, this rate is often affected by a number of factors, some more serious than others.
Respiration Rate
While the University of Virginia asserts that a normal respiration rate for an adult is anywhere between 15 and 20 breaths per minute, the University of Iowa doesn't agree, stating that 12 to 18 breaths per minute is the norm. To make matters more confusing, the National Institutes of Health claim that 8 to 16 breaths per minute is a normal breathing rate for adults at rest. Regardless of the range, normal respirations are often deep and even. People concerned with their rate of respiration should consult a medical professional to help determine what a healthy rate is for them.
Identification
There isn't any scientific equation to determine a person's breathing rate. All that needs to be done to establish this number is to count the breaths for a minute, advises the University of Virginia. The University of Iowa recommends checking respiration during periods of rest, such as in the morning or while seated for an extended amount of time.
Significance
Though it should go without saying, the most significant purpose for respiration is not only to take in oxygen, but also to expel carbon dioxide from the body. If respiration is disrupted in any way, it impedes this process, which could deprive the body of oxygen. This may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, faintness or even a loss of consciousness, especially when oxygen is depleted for an extended period of time.
Abnormal Rates
When respiration rates are abnormally high or low, it could be an indication of an underlying condition. Of the more serious, the National Institutes of Health states that rapid breathing could be a sign of asthma, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or a lung infection. It may also be an indication of stress, fever, narcotics or head injury. Abnormally slow respiration rates can be an indication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, respiratory failure, diabetic ketoacidosis, traumatic brain injury or cardiac arrest.
Treatment
Abnormal or irregular respiration rates may be eased by changing the body position, according to the Brookside Associates Medical Education Division. Having a person sit up or lean forward may aid in his breathing until the necessary treatment is available.
