Dermal fillers are a common treatment method for a variety of skin issues, ranging from wrinkle reduction to filling in "ice pick" scars. Common dermal fillers range from natural substances--such as fat and collagen--to synthetic fillers including hyaluronic acid. Regardless of which type of dermal filler used, there are potential risks involved with the procedure that you should understand before going in for injections.
Pain
Pain is one of the most common issues that come with dermal fillers. Pain occurs as the injection needle penetrates the skin tissue, and may persist for even hours after the procedure is finished. Pain is generally not severe enough to need more than an over-the-counter pain medication, such as acetaminophen for relief.
Swelling
Swelling can occur due to a reaction to the dermal filler solution, or if the injection process tears blood vessels in the skin as the needle is inserted. Generally, an ice pack can be placed on the injection site after the procedure to reduce swelling.
Bruising
Bruising occurs when the injection needle breaks tiny blood vessels, causing blood to spill into surrounding tissue--a temporary side effect. The American Academy of Dermatology recommends not exercising within 24 hours of your procedure to control further bruising and inflammation.
Infection
As with any procedure that breaks the surface of the skin, infection is a possible side effect. Infections are rare with dermal fillers, as long as your doctor or dermatologist uses a sterile syringe and follows standard precautions for injectable materials.
Allergic Reaction
Allergic reaction can be a common side effect--especially with bovine-based injections, such as the collagen products Zyderm and Zyplast. To prevent allergic reactions, your dermatologist may perform a skin allergen test. If you're allergic to bovine-based dermal fillers, other products are available, such as the human-based collagen Cosmoderm and Cosmoplast.
Shifting
There is also some risk of the injected dermal filler material shifting once it has been placed under the skin. This may cause lumps under the skin in undesired places. The risk of shifting increases if you touch, prod or play with the injection site once the procedure is finished.
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