Dandruff, also known as seborrheic dermatitis, is characterized by a scaly, itchy scalp that can produce soreness and flakes of dead skin. It can be uncomfortable and embarrassing. Although the cause of dandruff is unknown, factors may include an overproduction of oil and dry skin. No treatment is guaranteed to permanently relieve the problem, but some steps can reduce symptoms and control future flakes.
Step 1
Use an over-the-counter medicated shampoo designed to treat dandruff. Look for a shampoo that contains either ketoconazole, tar, salicylic acid, selenium sulfide, pyrithione zinc or ciclopirox; these types of ingredients are anti-fungal agents or allow for reduced cell turnover. Use the shampoo daily as long as you have symptoms, and then twice a week to prevent future dandruff. Work the shampoo into small areas, moving around your head and massaging the shampoo into the skin. Let the shampoo sit for three to five minutes to allow the ingredients time to soak in and work.
Step 2
Switch medicated shampoos if the first shampoo stops working. You may develop a resistance to the active ingredient in the product. At that point, alternate between two or three shampoos for the most benefit.
Step 3
Shower as soon as possible after exercising or sweating. Sweat can irritate the scalp and cause more dandruff.
Step 4
Limit your use of hair products such as gel, mousse and leave-in conditioner. The buildup of these products can cause more oil buildup and flakes.
Step 5
Talk to a doctor if you are unable to control dandruff on your own, if you are in extreme pain or if you suspect that your scalp is infected. A doctor may be able to provide a prescription for a stronger shampoo or a steroid lotion.
Tips and Warnings
- Try an anti-itch cream to help with discomfort. Rinse your hair thoroughly after using a medicated shampoo, then use a conditioner on your hair. Medicated shampoos can dry out hair.
- Avoid scratching the affected area on your scalp. This can open the skin and cause infection.
Things You'll Need
- Medicated shampoo
