By adding a fixed, flat carrier above the rear wheel of a bike, you convert it into a more handy human-powered transportation machine. Racks are typically aluminum or steel and attach to a bike via arms that extend to the frame at several points. A rack is the first step in building a touring system, since bike panniers can be slung across both sides and can be used to carry clothes and gear. Some racks have spring-loaded holders, so books or other packages can be held in place. The rack is also designed to hold a medium-sized pack on top of it, which can be removed from the bike easily.
What to Look for
Shop for your rack on-line or at a bicycle specialty store or sporting goods store. Buy one that you are certain will fit your bike, since they come in different sizes. There are a few models built to clamp onto the seatpost and be removed quickly and easily when the bike is parked. For touring cyclists, there is a rack designed to carry front panniers that attaches to the frame and sits astride the front wheel. Expect to pay between $20 and $60 for a rear rack.
Common Pitfalls
If you are buying a rack for a mountain bike with 26-inch wheels you may need a different rack than one made for a road or commuter bike with 27-inch wheels. If you are not sure about how to attach the rack, buy one in a store where a shop clerk will install it for you. Note that when you mention "bike racks" a shop may think you are referring to a hitch for the back of an auto or roof rack for a car.
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