When a woman becomes pregnant, she begins a journey with her developing baby and her own body that can be confusing because of the rapid changes that occur. Pregnancy is typically considered to be 40 weeks in length, measured from the beginning of the last menstrual cycle. During this time the mother will likely have many questions along the way about what is happening with the baby, and it is important to understand the different stages of pregnancy and what occurs in each of them. By understanding the development process, a mother can make informed decisions for herself and her baby.
First Trimester
Pregnancy is divided into three stages, or trimesters, that are three months in length each. During the first trimester, very rapid changes are occurring with the baby. The baby's spinal cord, brain and many organs are developing ,and the baby's first heartbeat occurs. During this first trimester, the fetus is particularly susceptible to damage. It is important that the mother refrain from smoking, drinking or continuing any other potentially harmful habits. The mother's body is also changing rapidly during this first trimester, and many expectant mothers experience nausea and vomiting, fatigue and breast tenderness.
Second Trimester
The second trimester, months four through six, often are considered the most comfortable during pregnancy. Most nausea and vomiting have passed by this point, but new changes are occurring. The abdomen begins to swell and enlarge as the baby continues to grow. As the body makes room for this growing baby, an expectant mother may notice stretch marks beginning to form, ankles beginning to swell as the body retains water. Many women have bouts of back pain as the stress of additional weight is felt on the spine. The baby continues to develop and the heartbeat grows strong. Fine body hair may develop in towars the end of this trimester, and the mother feels the movement of the baby.
Third Trimester
During this final trimester, the finishing developments with the baby are occurring. Vital organs become fully developed and viable, and the baby adds weight quickly, causing mothers to experience increased discomfort. During this trimester, as a mother prepares for delivery, consistent medical checkups are important to ensure a healthy baby and a healthy mother and to allow for the easiest birth possible. Many of the symptoms that began in the second trimester increase for the mother. Back pain, enlarged and tender breasts, swollen ankles and anxiety may increase, according to the Mayo Clinic. By the end of 37 weeks, the baby is considered full-term and ready for delivery.
