Asthma is a disease that affects the airways. The Centers for Disease Control estimated that there were 7 million children with asthma in the United States in 2008. Asthma is the most common serious disease in children according to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Asthma can not be eliminated, but things can be done to control and treat symptoms.
Asthma Action Plan
An asthma action plan is developed with a health care provider to help in the management of asthma. The plan provides a treatment regimen that includes the type and frequency of medication dosage. This plan is useful for all involved in the care of the child at home, daycare and school. A copy of a plan is available through the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (see Resources).
Avoid Triggers
According to the NHLBI, certain triggers can increase the onset of asthma-related symptoms or events in children. Triggers that children are susceptible to include: allergens, from dust, animals, mold, grasses and flowers; certain irritants such as cigarette smoke, air pollution or dust; viral infections such as colds; and even exercise. Avoiding or limiting exposure is a beneficial treatment method for children.
Quick-Relief Medications
According to the NHLBI, the medications are normally provided by a health care professional in a stepwise format. Dose is based upon response and need. This provides the opportunity to identify which medications work best. Quick-relief medications are required for all with asthma. These medications help immediately reduce symptoms associated with asthma. Quick-relief medications, such as inhalers, are taken at the first sign of asthma-related symptoms. If a child has to use these inhalers more than twice per week, there could be concern with the overall control of asthma and the need for further diagnosis by a health care provider.
Long-Term Medications
Medications to control and manage daily asthma symptoms are also referred to as long-term control medications. Corticosteroids which are inhaled are the most common preferred medications for control. They help relieve inflammation in the airway and swelling. These medications also reduce the severity of asthma symptoms and frequency. In addition to inhaled corticosteroids, other long-term medications include long-acting beta-agonists, which are inhaled, or leukotriene modifiers, which are taken by mouth to help reduce airway inflammation.
Peak Flow Measurements
A peak flow meter is used to identify how well air moves in and out of the lungs, according to the NHLBI. The meter helps to identify how well the lungs are working. A health care provider will often provide a recommended schedule of measurement. Use of the meter can help identify a potential asthma attack prior to occurring. A child can use it to help manage, control and regulate medications.
