Adrenal insufficiency, also referred to as Addison's disease. is a potentially life-threatening condition that can affect men and women of all ages. Adrenal insufficiency is caused when the functioning of the cortex of the adrenal gland is disrupted or altered. This altered function causes a decrease in production of cortisol and aldosterone, which are two very important hormones that are produced in the cortex.
Cortisol is a hormone that aids the body's response to stress (from surgery or illness) and to help the body fight infections. Cortisol also helps maintain blood pressure, cardiovascular functions and regulate the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and fats. Aldosterone helps to regulate and maintain the balance of salt, potassium and water in the body. Decreased production of these hormones can lead to some very serious health issues. Adrenal disease can be treated, so talk with a physician if you experience any symptoms.
Fatigue
Unusual fatigue or muscle weakness is an early symptom of adrenal insufficiency. Fatigue is an abnormal feeling of tiredness, weariness or lack of energy. Fatigue is a symptom of many diseases both mild and severe. However, consult a physician if it lasts for an extended period or time or becomes more severe.
Dizziness
Dizziness while standing can also be a symptom associated with adrenal insufficiency. Several factors may contribute to this condition. Adrenal insufficiency can lead to hypotension (low blood pressure) and hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), which can cause the sensation of dizziness or lightheadedness.
Abdominal Symptoms
Adrenal insufficiency causes many issues associated with the stomach and abdomen. You might experience nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. In addition, adrenal insufficiency can also make some people lose their appetite and have abdominal pain. Most of these symptoms are very general and can be associated with other diseases and disorders, so again, check with your doctor if you are experiencing any of these.
Weight Loss
As the disorder of adrenal insufficiency progresses, you can expect to experience unexpected or unexplained weight loss. This characteristic will most likely occur in a later stage of adrenal insufficiency.
Abnormal Skin Color
In late stages of adrenal insufficiency, you might see a change in normal skin color to one of a bronze or dark tan color. This change is due to prolonged decrease of the hormones cortisol and aldosterone.
Salt Cravings
The hormone aldosterone is responsible to maintaining balance of salt in the body. Prolonged absence or decreased production of aldosterone will force the body to crave salt. This occurs at later stages of adrenal insufficiency due to the body's extended unstable salt levels.
Female Symptoms
Some conditions associated with adrenal insufficiency will only occur in the female population. Females with adrenal insufficiency may experience loss of body hair especially in the underarm and pubic regions. Also, adrenal insufficiency will disrupt or even eliminate a woman's menstrual cycle.
