Twenty-five percent of women will suffer from depression at some time in their lives according to the Psych Guides website. Many experience their first episode as early as their 20s, but some never have a problem until they reach the perimenopausal stage. Depression during perimenopause may be minor or it can deepen into a major depressive episode. Fortunately it has distinct symptoms that can be recognized and treated if required.
Definition
Perimenopause is the phase that starts about eight to 10 years before a woman goes through menopause, the Cleveland Clinic explains. Menopause marks the end of a woman's ability to reproduce. The ovaries gradually reduce their estrogen production in the perimenopausal period. Production drops more rapidly in the final one to two years of perimenopause.
Effects
Hormonal changes during perimenopause can have emotional effects on a woman. The Cleveland Clinic states that depression is a common occurrence as estrogen levels decrease. Some women also have anxiety attacks, mood swings or memory impairment. The severity will vary among individuals; you may only have minor problems or none at all, or you may experience emotional problems at a level that negatively affects your daily life.
Coping
The Cleveland Clinic advises that many women are able to cope with the depression on their own, especially if it is minor. Coping techniques include doing yoga, meditation or deep breathing exercises. You can also turn your energy toward a new hobby or other creative outlet. Keep yourself healthy by eating good foods, exercising regularly and taking vitamins. Utilize your personal support system of family and friends when you need comfort, reassurance or companionship.
Symptoms
The symptoms of depression in perimenopause are the same as general depression symptoms. Psych Guides cites loss of pleasure in previously enjoyable activities, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness, too much or too little sleeping, restlessness and concentration problems as common symptoms.
Treatment
There are several medical options for treating depression caused by perimenopause. Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) can be helpful, according to the Cleveland Clinic, but it can increase your chances of developing blood clots and breast cancer. Antidepressant medication can be helpful for those who don't want to use hormones or whose depression persists even with ERT. A professional therapist can help you use cognitive techniques to manage the depression.
Warning
Depression that starts during perimenopause is most likely caused by hormonal changes, but the Cleveland Clinic warns that it can be triggered by certain unrelated medical problems. You should consult your doctor about the depression so she can rule out other physical causes like thyroid issues.
