Hemorrhoids, also called piles, are common during pregnancy. Hemorrhoids occur as a result of enlarged veins that protrude through the anus. This swelling of the veins is caused by several things in pregnancy, including constipation, the pressure the uterus places on the intestines, increased progesterone and pushing during labor. Hemorrhoids may disappear after pregnancy or they may linger. It is common for the hemorrhoids to disappear and return when the conditions, such as constipation, are recreated. Several methods can relieve the discomfort associated with piles.
Constipation Treatment
Reducing constipation during pregnancy can be difficult due to all the factors that contribute to the condition. The heightened levels of progesterone slow the digestive system, which leads to food passing more slowly through the intestines. A pregnant woman can do several things to combat constipation, including increasing her fiber and fluid intake and becoming more active. Consult your doctor before participating in vigorous activity, but a brisk walk can help get the digestive system moving. Eating too much fiber without adequate water intake can contribute to constipation. Almonds, high fiber cereal and prunes are just some of the helpful foods to add to your daily diet. Your doctor may recommend a stool softener to help you get constipation relief. When having a bowel movement, avoid straining or pushing too hard, as this will just exacerbate the discomfort. Your doctor may also recommend enemas or rectal suppositories.
Topical Pain Relief
An ice pack covered with a soft towel can help decrease the swelling and discomfort of piles. Cotton balls soaked in witch hazel can help reduce swelling. Soaking in a warm bath with Epsom salts can temporarily provide relief as well as help keep the area clean. Topical hemorrhoid creams may be used if your doctor recommends them. Commercial hemorrhoid treatment pads may provide the same type of swelling and pain relief. These topical treatment options can be repeated as often as necessary to provide temporary relief.
Oral Pain Relief
When necessary, an oral pain reliever can be taken to help diminish the pain. Consult your doctor to determine which pain medications are safe for use during pregnancy. Your doctor can provide dosage amounts and frequencies.
Surgery
In serious cases, a doctor may have to perform a special procedure to shrink the hemorrhoids, including surgery to remove the swollen veins. This procedure is only done in extreme cases when other methods have not provided relief or when a blood clot has formed.
Rest
The Mayo Clinic warns against standing for long periods of time during pregnancy. Standing can put more pressure on the hemorrhoids. Sitting for long periods of time can encourage swelling of the affected area as well. Try sitting on a cushion or a special circular pillow, sometimes called a donut.
