Bed bugs (cimex lectularius) are a parasite that feeds on the blood of animals. The bugs, which are brown and oval, live in the mattresses, box springs, headboards and surrounding areas of an infested room. Bed bugs thrive in warm temperatures and can migrate with international travelers. At night, bed bugs come out and feed on an individual in bed. Bed bug bites are red and round. They also cause extreme itching. Treatments can help decrease the itching associated with a bed-bug bite, but will not eliminate a bed-bug infestation.
Topical Medications
Over-the-counter topical corticosteroid creams help decrease the itching associated with bed-bug bites. Spreading the cream evenly over the bites decreases the itch and inflammation. However, using corticosteroids for long periods may increase the likelihood of possible side effects. Some possible side effects include skin irritation and thinning of the skin. Antihistamine creams, containing medications such as diphenhydramine, help relieve the itching due to an allergic reaction to the bed-bug bite.
Oral Antihistamines
Oral antihistamines help decrease the itching by inhibiting the response of the body's immune system. Products containing the medication diphendydramine may help the itching associated with bed bugs, according to the Mayo Clinic. Oral antihistamine medications may cause drowsiness, so exercising caution when driving or using heavy machinery while taking the medicine is important. Follow a physician's orders for dosing information on prescription strength antihistamines.
Warm Compress
Applying a warm compress to the affected area may decrease the itching of a bed-bug bite, according to the American Academy of Dermatology.
Antibiotics
Scratching a bed-bug bite may cause the skin to open. This opening in the skin can contract a bacterial infection. Signs of an infected bed-bug bite include increased redness, itching and drainage coming from the opening. A physician should evaluate all skin breakdown associated with a bed-bug bite. The physician will prescribe an oral antibiotic to help clear up any infection.
