Aloe vera is a succulent indoor-outdoor perennial plant. According to MedlinePlus, the pulp of its juicy leaves has been used for centuries in traditional medicine to treat wounds, burns and other skin conditions. Increasing awareness of aloe vera's anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and nutritional richness in vitamins, minerals and 18 amino acids has sky-rocketed its popularity. Aloe vera is used in hair products, soaps and lotions, and is available as a supplement in powder, chunks or liquid form. As with any drug or supplement, aloe vera has its benefits and its side effects.
Allergic Reaction
Individuals with a history of allergy to onions, garlic or tulips and other such plants that are related to the Liliaceae family may develop an allergic reaction to aloe vera. There have also been reports of allergic reaction in individuals taking aloe vera over a long period of time; symptoms included an eczema-like rash or hives. Topical use of aloe vera resulted in a mild allergic reaction with symptoms of itching or a rash in some people. According to MedlinePlus, aloe vera injections should be avoided, as they are known to cause severe allergic reactions.
Gastrointestinal
There have been reports of gastrointestinal symptoms such as severe abdominal cramps and diarrhea with the oral use of aloe vera. According to MedlinePlus, because of the laxative effect of aloe vera, its overuse could lead to electrolyte imbalance and may also interfere with the absorption of some medications.
Electrolyte Imbalance
Aloe vera's laxative effects may also lead to an electrolyte imbalance in the blood. Electrolytes are minerals in the body like potassium, calcium and sodium. Maintaining the proper electrolyte balance in the body is important for blood chemistry, muscles and other body functions. For example, a low potassium level can lead to muscle weakness and abnormal heart rhythms. Individuals with kidney disease, heart disease or an electrolyte imbalance should not take aloe vera orally.
Low Blood Sugar Levels
Aloe vera may lower blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia); diabetic patients taking aloe vera orally must have their serum glucose level closely monitored by a health care provider to prevent hypoglycemia. An adjustment in the dosage of diabetic medications may also be necessary.
Warnings
Aloe vera is not recommended for use during pregnancy; this is to prevent the risk of uterine contractions leading to a miscarriage. Because of aloe's laxative effects, it is not recommended for use in individuals with gastrointestinal conditions like Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis or irritable bowel syndrome.
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