Migraine headaches are among the most bothersome common ailments that affect men and women of all ages, though they occur more often in women, appearing between the ages of 10 and 46, according to Medline Plus. Unlike a typical headache, a migraine presents other symptoms, such as nausea, sensitivity to light and sound and fatigue. For those who experience chronic migraines, medications may be crucial to working and enjoying everyday activities, as Medline Plus reports the headaches can last from six to 48 hours.
Over-The-Counter Drugs
Over-the-counter medications for migraines are easily accessible and inexpensive when compared to prescription drugs. For many people, they are the best option, providing safe relief without the need for doctor visits. Common medications for migraines often include added caffeine, which increases the effectiveness of the medicine. Name brand over-the-counter medications are Excedrin Migraine (acetaminophen, caffeine) and Advil Migraine (ibuprofen 200 mg).
Narcotics
Narcotic pain relievers are sometimes used when other medications fail. Narcotics work on general pain; they are useful for a number of pain conditions other than migraines and are typically used in hospitals after surgery or major accidents. The Family Doctor notes they are habit forming and should be used with caution.
Triptans
Individuals with severe migraines should consult a doctor. If no underlying condition exists, your doctor may prescribe triptan medications to manage your condition. Triptans medications are the most frequently prescribed medications for migraine relief, according to Medline Plus. Medications like sumatriptan should be taken at the first sign of an attack. They work on the blood vessels in the brain that are believed to provoke migraines. An added benefit is they may also help reduce accompanying symptoms, such as nausea and weakness. These medicines are available in tablets as well as nasal sprays, suppositories and injections, which may help those who experience vomiting as a side effect of migraines.
Ergots
Ergotamine (Ergomar) is an older migraine medication, according to the Mayo Clinic. Like triptans, it causes the blood vessels in the brain to constrict, though it also causes constriction of the vessels in the heart and other parts of the body, which presents more side effects than do triptans, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Preventive Medications
Chronic migraine sufferers may find relief from frequent migraine headaches with preventive medications. The Mayo Clinic reports doctors recommend preventive medications to decrease the frequency and severity of migraine attacks. If you have more than four migraines per month, your doctor may suggest preventive medications. These drugs work best when taken daily to reduce the number and severity of headaches. Unlike pain relievers and triptans, they do not relieve existing migraine headaches. Examples of preventative medications include antidepressants, beta blockers (blood pressure medications), antiseizure medicines (such as topirimate) and selective norepinephrine uptake inhibitors (such as duloxetine).
