The Neem tree has a long history in traditional herbal medicine that goes back for thousands of years. The tree grows quickly and easily, and is now widely distributed throughout Asia, the Middle East and Africa. It has properties that have led to its use as an antiseptic, oral hygiene treatment and infectious disease control. In the future, the plant may be appropriate for even more uses; research is currently being conducted to examine its potential.
Antimicrobial Properties
Neem has many uses as an antiseptic to treat fungal, bacterial and even viral infections, according to the Neem Foundation. Neem oil can be used topically in medicinal soaps, salves and creams. Extracts from the plant also make an effective germicide and cleaning agent to cleanse surfaces, as well. Neem is currently being studied for its potential as a resource for pharmaceuticals that may be used to treat infectious bacterial strains that have become resistant to other antibiotics.
Malaria and Chagas Disease
The use of Neem for treating malaria dates back for thousands of years in traditional Ayurvedic medicine. The publication "Neem: A Tree for Solving Global Problems" by the Office of International Affairs of the National Research Council states that sufferers of malaria and Chagas disease, two of the most serious infectious diseases in the world, may also benefit from internal use of extracts or teas made from Neem.
Insecticide and Repellent
Neem seeds, fruit and leaves contain azadirachin, a chemical that acts as an effective insect repellent and insecticide. The chemical does not kill insects directly. Rather it interferes with their development and reproduction, acting as a growth inhibitor and feeding deterrent for insects. Topically, Neem products can be used to treat head lice, scabies and other human body pests.
Oral Hygiene
Neem has been used for centuries to promote good oral hygiene. In India, in particular, fresh twigs from the Neem tree are selected, the ends chewed, then used as disposable toothbrushes. Extracts of the tree are also used as an active ingredient in toothpastes that may help to prevent or improve the effects of periodontal disease and gingivitis.
Pain Relief and Fever Reduction
Traditionally, Neem has also been used to control fevers and demonstrates some anti-pyretic properties. The plant possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents that can help to reduce swelling and pain.
Birth Control
The spermicidal effects of Neem oil have led to its use in certain areas of the world as a form of contraceptive. In India, a commercial Neem-based contraceptive preparation called "Sensal" is currently available. The leaf extract of the plant may also prove to been an effective male contraceptive due to its ability to reduce male fertility, without adversely affecting libido or sexual performance. Studies are currently under way to determine its usefulness for this purpose.
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