Mountaineering, a specialized form of mountain climbing that involves use of rock and ice climbing techniques, requires knowledge and gear that general hiking does not. In addition to the usual camping supplies such as tent and sleeping bag, mountaineers must bring equipment for climbing extremely steep or icy terrain.
Ice Axe
An ice axe is a must for climbing in extremely icy conditions. For ice climbing, two ice axes are required. For general mountaineering, one ice axe is sufficient for pulling yourself up and over steep, icy areas.
Rope
You will want to bring rope and webbing to get up and down cliffs and other obstacles. Make sure the rope is long enough for your purpose as well as lightweight enough to carry.
Crampons
If you are hiking in icy conditions, crampons are key. There are a variety of crampons to choose from ranging from the old-school heavy-duty ones to newer versions with smaller spikes. For ice climbing and mountaineering purposes, traditional crampons may be the best choice,
Skis/Snowshoes
For traveling across deep snow, you may want to consider either skis or snowshoes. Skis are more versatile for traveling on steep terrain, but either method works fine. On very well-compacted snow, only crampons may be necessary.
Ice Screws
Ice screws are used as anchors to tie into when traveling across steep, but not vertical, ice. You screw them into the ice and each climber clips into them as they ascend. On vertical sections of ice, traditional ice climbing equipment is used.
Harness
Although you can use webbing to create a harness in a pinch, a traditional rock climbing harness is an important piece of equipment. It can be used to tie in on steep sections as well as for rock and ice climbing.
Belay Device
Though hitches can be used in place of a belay device, not everyone on your team may be familiar with them. Bring a belay device, such as an ATC, as well as locking carabiners for ascending and descending steep rock and ice.
Quick Draws
Quick draws are used for lead climbing as well as for traveling across steep rock and ice. You clip them into a bolt or other anchor and then to your rope as you ascend to prevent a long fall.
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