Rosacea is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition that typically affects adults after age 30, states the National Rosacea Society. It looks similar to the acne that is experienced by teenagers, causing redness in the face and small, red, pus-filled bumps. Outbreaks can last anywhere from a few weeks to a few months, and there are different types based on which part of the face is infected.
Pre-Rosacea
Pre-rosacea is a very mild precursor to rosacea and isn't considered an actual form of rosacea. People who experience pre-rosacea have a tendency to blush and experience persistent redness in the central part of their face near the nose. The redness they experience is due to the dilation of blood vessels in the face. An increased occurrence of redness and dilation can signal the full onset of rosacea.
Vascular Rosacea
Vascular rosacea, formally known as erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, is a form of rosacea that occurs when the small blood vessels on the nose and cheeks swell and become visible, also known as telangieotasia. This inflammation causes the skin to be sensitive. Vascular rosacea can be fairly unique because in severe cases, it can cause other symptoms such as oily skin and dandruff, states the Mayo Clinic. Vascular rosacea is typically treated with oral or topical medications containing doxycycline.
Inflammatory Rosacea
Inflammatory rosacea, formally known as papulopustular rosacea, is a slightly more advanced form of rosacea marked by an outbreak that starts at one point on the face and spreads to other areas of the face. Commonly infected areas include the nose, cheeks, forehead and chin. Inflammatory rosacea is treated with topical medications containing metronidazole or azelaic acid or oral medications, containing doxycycline.
Phymatous Rosacea
Phymatous rosacea occurs when either vascular or inflammatory rosacea goes untreated or is not treated properly. Phymatous rosacea causes rhinophyma, a process where excess skin grows on the nose, cheeks or forehead, giving it a thickened appearance. Laser or surgical treatments are required to remove excess skin.
Ocular Rosacea
Ocular rosacea is a very rare form of rosacea that creates a dry or burning sensation or sensation of grit or matter in the eyes. With ocular rosacea, the eyelids may become inflamed, swollen, sore or even scaly, similar to the appearance of conjunctivitis, or pink eye. Although ocular rosacea occurs less frequently, it can have a significant impact, such as causing damage to the cornea or affecting your overall vision. Ocular rosacea is treated over time with low-dose oral antibiotics containing tetracycline.
