1. Reconfiguring the Gut
A surgeon makes a large incision in the abdomen for gastric bypass surgery then use staples or plastic bands to make the stomach smaller. He creates a pocket at the top of the stomach then bypasses the rest of the stomach and part of the small intestine by connecting the pocket to the middle part of the small intestine. A surgeon may elect to perform laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery as an alternative. In this case he will make a small incision and use small instruments and a camera. With both procedures, gastric bypass surgery complications are possible, but studies indicate that laparoscopic surgery may reduce complications.
2. Dumping Syndrome Aptly Named
Due to the new construction of the gastrointestinal tract, some people develop dumping syndrome caused by food that moves too fast through the stomach and intestines. Symptoms include nausea, faintness, weakness, sweating and diarrhea. The symptoms generally occur right after eating. Avoid eating highly refined, high-calorie food as part of your gastric bypass post surgery diet, and you may be able to avoid the symptoms. If you do become weak, lie down until the symptoms pass.
3. Anemia, Gallstones and Osteoporosis
About one-third of people who have gastric bypass surgery develop gallstones, osteoporosis or anemia. The surgery bypasses the part of the small intestine where nutrients are absorbed easily. You may need to take vitamin and mineral supplements in the form of shots, pills or nasal sprays to prevent deficiencies that can lead to anemia or osteoporosis. Talk with a dietitian to help you plan your meals. You and your surgeon should discuss removing your gallbladder during the gastric bypass procedure. You may develop gallstones if you don't have your gallbladder removed and need medicine as a preventative measure.
4. Other Gastric Bypass Surgery Complications
Other complications of gastric bypass surgery include developing a hernia or the staples pulling loose. Between 5 and 15 percent of people receiving the surgery experience a narrowing at the connection point between the stomach and the intestines, also known as stomal stenosis. Symptoms include nausea and vomiting. Ulcers are possible, too. Sometimes the bypassed stomach portion may get larger, and this can cause hiccups and bloating. A small risk of death is associated with gastric bypass surgery.
5. Common Surgery Complications
Some complications of gastric bypass surgery are the same as those found in other surgeries, especially those for weight loss. An infection is always possible at the site of the incision. Peritonitis, a leak from the stomach into the intestines, can occur. In addition, a pulmonary embolism, which is a blood clot in a lung, can develop. Follow your post-surgery instructions carefully and report any worrisome symptoms to your doctor right away.
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