Mental problems, otherwise known as mental illnesses, are very common in society, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). There is not one exact cause of mental illness but rather a combination of factors. These factors are biological, environmental, psychological or a combination of them, according to TheKimFoundation.com.
Biological Factors
Biological factors that can affect mental illness are genetics, infections, brain defects, prenatal damage and brain chemistry, according to TheKimFoundation.com and the DSM-IV-TR. Most mental illnesses run in families. Researchers believe mental illness is caused by several defected genes. Usually, when genetics and environmental stress combine, mental illness develops. Certain infections are linked to brain damage and the development of mental illness, TheKimFoundation.com reports. Brain defects and prenatal damage also can be contributing factors to mental illness.
According to the DSM-IV-TR, brain chemistry also is linked to several disorders. Neurotransmitters are chemicals in the brain, and when they are not balanced, it may lead to an individual developing a mental problems. Examples of neurotransmitters involved in the development of mental illness are serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine.
Environmental Factors
Situations that are out of your hands can cause mental problems. For example, if you lost your job, you may become depressed. Other events, such as loss due to death, having a dysfunctional family, living in poverty, relationship problems, culture, racism or substance abuse can contribute to mental illness, TheKimFoundation.com explains.
Psychological Factors
Psychological factors are an important contributor of mental illness. Examples of these are neglect, low self-esteem, poor social skills, trauma or death. How an individual copes with certain life events also can predict mental illness. Having healthy relationships and a support network are also important in beating mental illness.
References
- The Kim Foundation: What are the Causes of Mental Illness?
- "The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition"; American Psychiatric Association; 2000
