There are several warning signs an expectant mother may experience that let her know something is wrong with the pregnancy. Some may be due to complications with the pregnancy itself, while other symptoms may be due to outside factors such as flu or infection. Whatever the cause, possible pregnancy complications can be very scary and should be taken seriously. Knowing what to look for and when to call the doctor can make all the difference.
Bleeding
Bleeding at any time during pregnancy can be alarming and should be taken seriously. Bleeding accompanied by cramps during the first trimester could be a sign of an ectopic pregnancy or a possible miscarriage. Bleeding in later stages of pregnancy may be due to placental abruption, where the placenta separates from the wall of the uterus.
Some bleeding may be benign and resolve on its own, but always contact your health care provider if you notice any spotting or vaginal bleeding at any point during pregnancy.
Severe Nausea and Vomiting
Rising hormone levels are one reason over 90 percent of women report first trimester nausea. But if the nausea and vomiting are so severe that you cannot keep down any food or fluids, you should call your health care provider. Dehydration and malnutrition are serious conditions that can lead to fetal complications and even premature labor. Special diets, IV fluids and safe medications are available to help prevent complications.
Decrease in Fetal Movement
As the fetus grows, there is less room for movement in the uterus. These cramped living conditions cause fetal movements to slightly decrease naturally. So how can you tell if this slowdown is part of the normal variations in pregnancy or due to a more serious complication like fetal malnutrition? Physicians often suggest consuming something cold to drink or eat, then lying on your side for one hour while counting the number of times you feel fetal movement or kicks. Generally speaking, you should feel at least 10 kicks by the end of the hour. If the number is less than 10, call your health care provider immediately for follow-up.
Fever and Flu-Like Symptoms
The immune system of an expectant mother is taxed, making it easier to catch everyday viruses and infections. Complications, should they arise, can be more severe. Flu vaccines, both seasonal and H1N1, are recommended for all pregnant women. Call your health care provider if you are concerned about any flu-like symptoms such as fever, congestion, chills or sore throat.
However, if you have a fever over 101.4, do not wait to call your doctor. This is a sign of a possible infection, and your physician will want to evaluate you immediately.
Ruptured Membranes
At term, any time after 38 weeks gestation, ruptured membranes (otherwise known as breaking your water) are a normal sign of impending labor. At any time before 37 weeks gestation, a premature rupture of membranes (or PROM) can be a warning sign of premature delivery.
Self-diagnosis of ruptured membranes can be tricky. Some women report a sudden gush of fluid, and others experience a slight trickle similar to a weak flow of urine. One way to help determine if the membranes have ruptured is to sit on the toilet and empty your bladder. If small amounts of fluid continue to seep after the bladder is empty, it is likely amniotic fluid, and you should call your doctor for confirmation.
Other Warning Signs
Severe headaches and blurry vision, sometimes accompanied by high blood pressure, can indicate pregnancy-induced hypertension. This serious complication can lead to seizures if untreated.
Unusual backaches or cramping, a burning sensation during urination and the sudden swelling of feet, hands or face should all be reported to your physician or midwife. Many of theses complications, if handled early, can be effectively managed with positive outcomes for mom and baby, so call your health care provider if you experience any of these warning signs of pregnancy.
