Helicobacter pylori, also known as H. pylorus, is a bacterium that infects the lining of the stomach and upper portion of the small intestine. The bacterial infection leads to conditions such as stomach ulcers and an inflammation of the stomach called gastritis. This common bacterial infection may not cause any symptoms in the more than 80 percent of adults living with the bacteria, according to Kids Health. Following effective treatment, the risk of contracting the bacteria again is low.
Antibiotics
Killing the H. pylori bacteria may require multiple antibiotics taken at the same time. Taking the medications is the most important step in treating the infection. Commonly prescribed antibiotics include amoxicillin, metronidazole, tetracycline and clarithromycin. Physicians prescribe a combination of two antibiotics taken for ten to 14 days to treat H. pylori, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Individuals who are also experiencing symptoms of acid reflux disease may not respond to antibiotic treatment.
Acid-Reducing Medication
Medications to reduce acid production in the stomach help treat the H. pylori bacterial infection. Reducing the acid decreases the discomfort associated with the bacteria. Some medicines include omeprazole, lansoprazole and esomeprazole, according to Medline Plus. Taken once daily, the acid inhibitors decrease symptoms such as stomach pain and heartburn. Other medications, including ranitidine and famotidine, help to reduce the amount of acid in the digestive tract. Additional medications like bismuth subsalicylate help coat the stomach and neutralize the stomach acid while simultaneously killing the bacteria.
Meal Scheduling
Leaving the stomach empty, with only stomach acid sloshing around, causes increased irritation to the lining of the stomach. Keeping food in the stomach helps reduce the symptoms of this painful condition. Eating six smaller meals each day keeps a constant stream of food in the stomach.
Avoiding Irritants
The lining of the stomach or the ulcer may bleed with the infection. Avoiding possible stomach irritants helps treat the H. pylori bacterial infection by reducing the potential complications. Introducing known stomach-irritating medications, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, increases the chance of bleeding. Avoiding spicy foods, alcohol, coffee and smoking decreases the irritation on the stomach lining also.
