The traditional definition of true labor is the onset of regular contractions, which prepare the uterus to deliver the fetus. For most pregnancies, this occurs between 38 and 42 weeks of gestation. What truly sets preterm labor apart from regular labor is that it occurs prior to the completion of 37 weeks of gestation, while the fetus is still developing in preparation for life outside the womb. Ten percent of all women will experience some of the signs and symptoms of preterm labor. With education, prenatal care and early medical intervention, many are able to postpone labor for days or weeks.
Losing the Mucus Plug
The mucus plug is a plug at the opening of the cervix. Prior to labor, many women report shedding this plug. It typically passes through the vagina as the cervix begins its most early stages of dilation. This is not a sign of active labor, but it is a sign that the cervix is getting ready for dilation. The "bloody show," which follows the passing of the mucus plug, is also an indicator that labor could be on its way.
Cramps, Contractions and Other Pains
Many women feel Braxton-Hicks contractions in their last trimester of pregnancy. Closer to the onset of labor, these contractions are characterized as having a more menstrual-cramp-like feel to them. These still are not true labor contractions but are definitely a sign that labor contractions will soon follow.
Breaking of the Water
The fetus is in a living, breathing water balloon of sorts. Prior to delivery, the "balloon" is broken to allow for the baby to be born. Sometimes this occurs prior to the onset of regular labor contractions. It may feel like a gush of water passing through the birth canal, or it could merely be a trickle of fluid. If it is suspected that the amniotic sac has ruptured, either prematurely or at full term, contact your health-care provider. He can perform tests to confirm that the membranes were indeed ruptured and can make plans to stave off labor and begin an induction if necessary. To keep the risk of infection to a minimum, after the amniotic sac has ruptured, vaginal exams to confirm cervical dilation will be kept to a minimum, and the medical team will closely monitor fetal heart tones and uterine contractions until the baby is delivered.
Regular Contractions
Regular contractions leading to cervical dilation truly define the beginning of any labor. These are no menstrual cramps. Regular contractions are called such because they occur at regular timed intervals. They may begin at 10 to 15 minutes apart, but in time they progress to just a few minutes apart. These contractions are not alleviated by changes in position or by walking.
Other Signs and Symptoms
There are several ways women can deduce that labor is imminent. A few others include soft bowel movements, upset stomach and backache. It is always important to seek prenatal care to allow for the parents and the doctor or midwife to collectively decide when these signs can be safely monitored and when it is time to go to the hospital or birthing center.
