The versatile neem tree, a relative of mahogany, originates in Southeast Asia. In much of the neem tree's native range, it is regarded as a valuable source of food, medicine and livestock fodder. Additionally, the neem tree provides habitat and food for many wild animals, including some endangered species. Derivatives of neem also remain a key source of income in many areas of its endemic range, including several impoverished regions. Nonprofit organizations, such as the Neem Foundation, seek to advance public and commercial understanding of neem's importance.
Medicinal Value
In Ayurveda, a traditional Indian system of medicine, the neem tree is used to promote the health of the skin, lungs and digestive tract. The Neem Foundation notes that preliminary scientific evidence also supports neem's use as a complementary treatment for serious diseases like AIDS, cancer and malaria.
Cosmetic Use
Oil of neem is a key ingredient in soaps, lotions and creams; these products are used to prevent acne, treat eczema and promote skin elasticity. Many natural toothpastes also use neem as a key ingredient.
Pesticide Effects
Neem oil is nontoxic to mammals and effectively repels hundreds of pests. Neem repels and weakens fleas, ticks, lice, mosquitoes, parasitic worms, locusts, grasshoppers and more. Neem can be applied directly to the skin of humans, pets or livestock; farmers also apply it to precious crops.
Environment
Neem grows rapidly in infertile areas. It may restore nitrates in areas depleted by agriculture or deforestation. Organizations in India use neem tree to reforest rural regions, absorb greenhouse gases and provide food and shelter to wildlife.
Birth Control
The Neem Foundation reports that men and women taking oral neem supplements experience reduced fertility with no significant side effects. Neem oil is also an effective spermicide but has none of the irritating side effects associated with conventional spermicidal products.
Culinary Use
The shoots and flowers of the neem tree are very tender. Indian cuisine traditionally uses neem as an ingredient in soups and stews. Neem is a rich source of protein and fiber.
Livestock Fodder
Cattle, sheep, goats and buffalo will all readily consume young neem trees as fodder. Because neem grows quickly and requires no pesticides, it may be a sustainable alternative to grass-based livestock feed.
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