Acne affects people of all ages. Pores blocked with oil, dead skin cells, tiny hairs or bacteria may form into whiteheads, advises the American Academy of Dermatology. While these blemishes have an ugly appearance, they represent a very mild form of acne. Whitehead treatment includes medications and proper skin care. However, the "best" whitehead treatment varies from person to person, and requires a trial and error process.
Over-the-Counter Medications
Various over-the-counter medications for treating whiteheads are sold. Benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, sulfur and resorcinol top the list for the most common and effective treatments. Benzoyl peroxide kills acne-producing bacteria (P. acnes) and removes the oils and dead skin cells that clog pores. Salicylic acid works by breaking down whiteheads. Products that contain sulfur usually also include resorcinol, according to the Mayo Clinic. Together, these remove dead skin cells from pores and help remove excess oil. They may also work to break down whiteheads. It may take four to six weeks of daily over-the-counter acne treatment before acne diminishes. Sometimes acne gets worse before getting better.
Prescription Medications
The most commonly prescribed medications for mild acne include antimicrobials and retinoids, states the American Academy of Dermatology. Dermatologists often prescribe a combination of the two types of medications. A dermatologist determines which medications work best based on each patient's case.
Retinoids, a derivative of vitamin A, are the cornerstone of acne treatment, states an article by the AAD on AcneNet.com. They work by unclogging pores and preventing new whitehead formation. Retinoids may also make skin appear more youthful and healthy by decreasing the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines. Antimicrobials work by destroying P. acnes, the bacteria responsible for whiteheads and other acne.
Proper Skin Care
Without proper skin care, acne medications will not be as effective. Never pop, pick or squeeze whiteheads. Doing so may make acne worse, prolong healing or cause scarring, advises the ADA in an article on AcneNet. Wash the skin twice a day and/or after sweating, using a mild cleanser, lukewarm water and your fingertips. Washcloths, abrasive soaps, facial scrubs and astringents may irritate the skin and worsen breakouts. After washing your face, wait five to 10 minutes before applying any acne medication. Only use hair care and skin care products that contain the words "oil free," "non-acnegenic," or "non-comedogenic" on the label. If you wear make-up, apply acne medication before putting it on. Finally, be sure to continue using acne medications and proper skin care after blemishes disappear.
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