The primary skin problem during winter is dryness, according to the University of Iowa. Low humidity inside and outdoors causes dry, irritated skin that may itch and flake. Dry skin, or xerosis, most commonly affects the face, hands and feet, as the skin on these areas is thinner than on other areas of the body and is more often exposed to cold, dry air and harsh winds. Skin irritation from overdressing, wearing wet clothing, and dressing in rough fabrics, such as wool, is also more common during the winter months.
Humidify the Air Around You
Use a humidifier during the winter to keep your skin hydrated. A humidifier adds moisture to the air inside your home, which tends to be dry during the winter due to the use of central heating systems. Lower the heat inside your home, which will also help prevent dry skin.
Moisturize Frequently
Moisturize your skin more often, and opt for an oil-based moisturizer during the winter months. According to the American Academy of Dermatology, oil-based moisturizers are more effective at preventing and treating dry skin than water-based products.
Don't Forget Sunscreen
While it is easy to remember to apply sunscreen during the hot, summer months, protection from the sun's UV rays is necessary year-round. UV radiation is very drying and the same risks associated with excessive sun exposure during the summer apply to winter sun exposure. Remember to apply sunscreen every morning before going outdoors.
Dress in Layers and Stay Dry
Wet clothing can irritate your skin and worsen dryness and itchiness. Remove wet clothing and footwear immediately upon returning home. If you wear layers, you will be able to remove outer clothing should you end up in an environment that is overheated or wet from rain or snow. Layering also allows you to keep itchier fabrics, such as wool, away from your skin.
Exfoliate Weekly
Exfoliating once or twice each week removes dead skin cells and allows moisturizers to penetrate into deeper layers of the skin. Avoid over-exfoliation, however, as this can increase skin irritation and dryness. Use a product that contains salicylic acid if you have acne-prone skin.
Skip Hot Baths and Showers
Long, hot showers and baths significantly increase winter dryness, as hot water tends to remove the skin's natural, protective oils, according to the University of Iowa. To prevent and treat dry skin, take short, lukewarm showers and baths. Limit the use of harsh soaps when bathing, and add a bit of oatmeal to your bath to relieve dryness and associated itching.
Protect Your Hands and Feet
Protect your feet and hands from harsh, dry winter weather. The skin on the hands and feet is more susceptible to dryness, eczema and other skin conditions because it is thinner and has fewer oil glands than the skin on the rest of the body. Wear gloves made of natural fabrics, such as cotton, and proper footwear at all times. To treat extremely dry skin on the feet, remove dead skin with a wet pumice stone, apply a layer of petroleum jelly or glycerin, and then cover with cotton socks. This is easiest to do at bedtime.
Keep Lips Moist
Chapped lips are a very common problem during dry, winter months. Apply a lip balm or emollient-based lip moisturizer to soothe chapped lips and prevent dryness. Lip balms also prevent windburn and are available with added sunscreen to prevent sun damage.
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