Metabolism refers to the rate at which your body converts calories from food into energy. Many factors influence your metabolism, such as your body size, genetics and physical activity level. Though conditions that cause slow metabolism prove rare, thyroid problems, the aging process and rare genetic disorders, such as Prader-Willi syndrome, may contribute. If you are concerned that your metabolism has reduced, talk to your doctor about potential causes and remedies.
Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism, or under-active thyroid, occurs when the thyroid gland doesn't produce adequate amounts of certain hormones that affect the metabolism. According to the Mayo Clinic, hypothyroidism can strike at any age, but most commonly affects women in their 50's. Additional symptoms of hypothyroidism may include unexplained weight gain, puffy face, lethargy, constipation, muscle weakness and depression. Hypothyroidism is often treated through synthetic thyroid supplementation or other medical treatments. Weight gain and other symptoms generally alleviate once the condition is managed. For further benefits, regular physical activity and a nutrient-rich, balanced diet are recommended.
The Aging Process
As people age, their metabolism reduces. According to the Mayo Clinic preventative medicine specialist, Donald Hensrud, M.D., such reduction results because of muscle tissue deterioration. To prevent your metabolism from slowing as you age, or to increase your current metabolic rate, incorporate strength-training exercises into your lifestyle on a routine basis. Examples of strength-training activities include sit-ups, push-ups, dips, lunges and squats; use of dumb bells or weight machines; yoga and pilates. For best results, seek guidance from a qualified fitness professional who can guide you toward proper exercises and ensure that you partake in such exercises properly.
Prader-Willi Syndrome
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder that causes delayed development in infants and children, insatiable appetite, mental disabilities and a slow metabolism. According to Langone Medical Center, PWS is caused by a genetic defect that stems from the father. Infants with the disorder exhibit poor muscle tone and physical reflexes, a weak cry and inability to suck properly. As children with PWS develop, they generally maintain short stature and excessive amounts of body fat. Severity of symptoms varies, but all individuals with PWS have reduced metabolism and excessive hunger--a potentially dangerous combination. Management of the disorder may involve dietary treatment (controlled, low-calorie diets), regular physical activity and adult or caretaker supervision. If you suspect that your child may have PWS, discuss the possibility of genetic testing with your doctor.
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