Cephalexin is a first-generation cephalosporin-type antibiotic which may be used to treat a number of different types of bacterial infections. Like most medications, cephalexin may cause a number of common side effects. In some cases, side effects of cephalexin may indicate more serious adverse events, which indicate the need for emergency treatment.
Nausea and Vomiting
Nausea is one of the most common side effects of any antibiotic, such as cephalexin. Some patients may experience indigestion or generalized stomach pain. In some patients, nausea may become severe and result in vomiting. Stomach upset and nausea are often prevented or relieved by taking cephalexin with food. If vomiting is severe or does not go away, medical attention may be warranted.
Diarrhea
Diarrhea is a common side effect of cephalexin and in most cases will resolve once the medication regimen is complete. The prescribing information for cephalexin states that the development of severe diarrhea may indicate a more serious condition known as Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD). If not treated, CDAD may lead to dehydration, colitis and death. CDAD may occur during treatment or not develop until several days after the medication is discontinued. Any severe or persistent diarrhea, especially if bloody or watery, should be immediately reported to a physician.
Allergic Reactions
The development of a rash or other symptoms of allergic reaction may occur in patients who are allergic to other cephalosporins and in up to 10 percent of patients who are allergic to penicillin-type antibiotics. Other symptoms of allergy may include swelling of the tongue, lips or throat, leading to difficulty with breathing which is a medical emergency. In rare cases, a severe allergic rash, known as Stevens Johnson syndrome (SJS) may develop, which may be life-threatening. Any symptoms of allergic reaction, particularly severe rash or difficulty breathing may warrant emergency medical treatment and should be reported immediately.
Vaginal or Groin Itching
Antibiotics, including cephalosporins such as cephalexin may kill naturally-occurring, healthy bacteria in areas such as the genitals. This may cause excessive growth of yeast, known as Candida albicans or other pathogenic organisms. Yeast infection may result in symptoms of itching, irritation, rash and discharge from the genital area. In most cases, symptoms will resolve on their own once the medication is completed. If bothersome, over-the-counter medications for yeast infection may be effective. If genital irritation is severe or persistent, a physician should be consulted.
Neurological Problems
Several cephalosporins such as cephalexin have been implicated in the development of seizures. Other patients may experience irritability, anxiety, dizziness, fatigue and headache. Though most cases are mild and transient, severe or persistent symptoms and any occurrence of seizure should be reported to the physician.
Member Comments