Gabapentin, known as the brand name Neurontin, is an anti-convulsant, or anti-seizure medication. Neurontin is most commonly used to treat partial seizures in adults. Neurontin has also been shown to be effective in treating neurogenic pain, which is chronic pain that occurs as a result of damage to nerves. To be safe, patients and family members should learn common Neurontin side effects as well as potential adverse effects that need to be reported to a physician.
Malaise
Malaise, or general fatigue and weakness, is a common side effect. According to the National Institutes of Health, common or frequent side effects are those that occur in at least 1 in 100 people ting a drug. In clinical trials of Neurontin, malaise has been reported in as much as 11 percent of test subjects. Ideally, taking the medication before bed would help minimize this side effect, but, unfortunately, you must take Neurontin in three divided doses throughout the day. Over time, this Neurontin side effect may become better tolerated.
Suicidal Behavior
A dangerous Neurontin side effect is suicidal thinking. The NIH examined pooled research data of 199 clinical trials of medications in the same class as Neurontin. The results indicated research subjects taking Neurontin and similar medications had approximately twice the risk of suicidal behavior compared to those research subjects taking placebos. Children and adults taking Neurontin need to be closely monitored during therapy for depression and suicidal thoughts; patients, family and caregivers need to be educated to report these side effects to a doctor. Preferably, Neurontin should not be given to patients with a history of depression or suicidal behavior.
Dizziness
According to the NIH, dizziness is another common Neurontin side effect experienced by adults. Adults should not drive or engage in any hazardous activities until the degree of this side effect is known. To help minimize problems associated with dizziness, adults should change positions and move around slowly to prevent falling. If dizziness is severe enough to interfere with normal activities of daily living, you should report it to your physician, as Neurontin dose changes may be necessary or the medication may need to be discontinued.
Weight Gain
Billie Ann Wilson, Ph.D., Margaret Shannon, Ph.D., and Kelly Shields Pharm.D., authors of "Pearson Nurse's Drug Guide 2010," report weight gain as a common Neurontin side effect. The exact mechanism of action that causes weight gain is unclear. However, weight gain may occur due to fluid retention, an adverse effect that occurs in 8.3 percent of patients as reported by the NIH, or from hyperglycemia, which is an elevation in blood glucose levels.
Amblyopia
Amblyopia, or blurred vision, is a common side effect that occurs in 2.7 percent of people taking Neurontin, as reported by the NIH. Blurred vision should be reported to the prescribing physician, because this side effect greatly interferes with optimal functioning. Amblyopia is one adverse reaction that may cause patients to discontinue therapy.
Aggressive Behavior
Aggressive behavior is a Neurontin side effect more commonly seen in children. Parents should monitor for this effect and report to a physician if aggressive behavior occurs.
References
- National Institutes of Health: Daily Med Sheet: Neurontin
- "Pearson Nurse's Drug Guide 2010;" Wilson, B. A., Shannon, T. M., & Shields, K. M.; 2010
- The Mayo Clinic: Gabapentin (Oral Route): Side Effects
