The balance beam is an event in women's gymnastics and allows an athlete to show the world how she can defy nature with the complexity and elegance of her movements while balancing on essentially a 4-inch wide board. The governing body for balance beam rules and rules regarding other types of gymnastic equipment is the FIG, or Federation Internationale de Gymnastique. Balance beam rules concern the physical attributes of the apparatus, as well as the time considerations for routines and the moves that are required in competition.
Physical Specifications
According to FIG, the balance beam must meet certain specifications to be considered a regulation beam. The apparatus is just 10 cm wide and 5 m long. The balance beam is raised 1.25 m off the ground. Rules for sanctioned competition require the surface of the beam to be padded with foam, with a standing recommendation of padding the base as well. USA Gymnastics rules for competition at the varying skill levels and age groups require mats in the mounting and dismounting area around the balance beam, at a length of 12 to 18 feet.
Time Allotment
Rules for balance beam competition require a gymnast perform a routine that spans 70 to 90 seconds. During this time allotment, the athlete must use the entire 5 m length of the balance beam to complete the compulsory moves and combinations. Gymnasts who fall off of the beam midroutine must remount within 10 seconds to remain in competition.
Showcase of Skills
A competitive balance beam routine must show artistic expression, athletic flexibility and capability and control. FIG rules state a beam routine must include jumps, turns, steps and even running to showcase a gymnast's skills on this very narrow piece of equipment. Standards also demand a gymnast begin some of these components from various positions on the beam, including lying down, standing and sitting.
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