Testosterone is a sex hormone that's produced in the testicles, the reproductive glands that also produce sperm. Women also produce testosterone but in smaller amounts, the National Institute on Aging explains. Testosterone supplementation is...
Kidneys are major organs in the body that are used to filter toxins from the blood. Kidneys turn waste into urine and transport it to the bladder. Kidneys also play a major role in sending hormones to bone marrow to aid in red blood cell...
Cystitis is an infection of the bladder. It's usually caused by a bacterial infection in the urine or a urinary tract infection. Bacteria can travel up the urethra, the tube that extends from the bladder to the outside of the body, and cause...
Testosterone cypionate is an injectable steroid medication that is used as a hormone replacement therapy for males who do not make enough testosterone themselves. The controlled substance drug is sometimes also used by weight lifters to increase...
Dysfunctional urination, problems voiding and constipation are common in childhood, especially during potty training. Difficulties can range from mild bedwetting to urine retention that results in kidney damage and should be addressed as soon as...
As men age, they are at greater risk of developing an enlarged prostate--a condition also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia. Doctors may conduct a variety of tests in an effort to confirm the presence of an enlarged prostate; determine the...
A Foley catheter is used to drain urine from the bladder of a patient who is unable to do so himself. The catheter, a soft tube made of rubber or plastic, is inserted through the urethra and into the bladder. Patients may require catheterization...
Problems of the prostate gland are common as men age. They include benign prostatic hypertrophy, or BPH, which is an enlargement of the gland usually caused by increased levels of a potent form of the hormone testosterone, called...
Kidney stones develop when minerals from your blood plasma begin to crystallize in your kidneys. Once formed, the stone might pass through your urinary tract or continue to grow and cause a blockage in your kidneys, ureter or urethra. Managing...
A vasectomy is a surgical operation performed on males to produce sterility. During the operation, the sperm duct, which is called the vas deferens, is cut. This operation prevents sperm from being ejaculated from the urethra, causing sterility. A...
The bladder is a hollow organ that can comfortably hold about two cups of urine for approximately two to five hours, according to the National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse. Once the bladder fills to a comfortable limit,...
Children's Hospital Boston explains that normally urine in the body flows from the kidneys down through the ureters and into the bladder. When something unusual happens in the urinary tract that prevents the urine from draining into or out of the...
A urinary tract infection occurs when bacteria invade and multiply in the urinary organs. The urinary tract is made up of the kidneys, ureter, urethra and bladder. Bacteria can infect any of these organs. In males, bacteria can also infect the...
The bladder is a muscular organ that stores the body's urine, which is a compilation of waste products and water. It is controlled by nerves that send signals from the brain of when to expel urine and when to retain urine. The National Kidney and...
According to the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, cystic fibrosis affects 70,000 people worldwide. It is an inherited disease in which the body produces a thick and sticky mucus due to a gene defect. This mucus can clog the lungs and cause lung...
A radical prostatectomy is performed to handle prostate cancer. This surgery takes out the prostate gland, the seminal vesicles and some additional localized tissue. Lymph nodes located in the pelvis are typically also removed (pelvic lymph node...
Determining kidney size for children is important in certain circumstances because enlarged kidneys can be evidence of obstruction along the ureters or urethral. Left untreated, some obstructions may lead to kidney failure. Kidney size is...
The kidneys filter waste products and excess fluids from the blood to produce urine. The urine continually drains from the kidneys through the ureters and into the bladder---the balloon-like muscle that stores urine. Defects or diseases in the...
Catheters are tubes that are inserted into the bladder through the urethra or the abdomen so that urine can be drained. These tubes are used when someone cannot urinate on their own because of surgical procedures, problems with the bladder muscles...
A bladder infection--or urinary tract infection as it is also known--begins in the urinary system, which includes the ureters, urethra. kidneys and bladder. As MayoClinic.com explains, women are more likely than men to develop these infections,...
The body needs calcium for muscle contraction, hormone regulation, proper neurological activity and maintenance of strong bones and teeth. Calcium is usually stored in the bones and teeth, but excess amounts can sometimes become available in the...
