Radiculopathy refers to disease of the nerve roots where they exit the spinal cord. Cervical refers to the neck region. Cervical radiculopathy typically occurs as a result of pressure on the nerve from a bulging intervetebral disc or a bone spur...
The humerus is the long bone located between the elbow and the shoulder joints in the upper arm. The humerus is made up of three different anatomic parts: the proximal humerus, the shaft and the distal humerus. The proximal humerus is part of the...
According to the Merck Manual, hemorrhoids are swollen, twisted veins located in the anorectal area. Hemorrhoids may occur inside the anus (internal) or under the skin around the anus (external). Hemorrhoids are classified according to location,...
The acetabular labrum is a fibrocartilaginous ring around the socket component of the hip joint. Functions of the labrum include shock absorption, joint lubrication, improving joint stability and helping to distribute forces. Labrum tears can...
There are three major bursa in the hip region; the greater trochanter, iliopsoas, and ischial bursa. Bursa are small fluid filled sacs that cushion bones from soft tissue structures and help reduce friction. Pain at the site of the bursa is a...
A buckle or torus fracture is a common type childhood fracture. Children usually fall on an outstretched arm and develop this type of fracture in the forearm. These fractures are more common to occur in the wrist, ankle, and elbow, but also can...
The medial collateral ligament, or MCL, is a ligament on the inside of the knee that helps resist side-to-side movement of the knee. The MCL connects the femur, or thigh bone, to the tibia, or shin bone. Injury to the MCL is one of the most common...
Trochanteric fractures of the femur or thigh bone are not common injuries. The trochanters can be fractured in isolation or as part of another type of hip fracture. Patients may develop hip or thigh pain with or without a known trauma causing the...
Ankle tendinitis is a general term for inflammation in any of the tendons near the ankle. Common sites of ankle tendinitis are the heel, or Achilles tendonitis; inside of the ankle, or posterior tibial tendonitis; and outside of the ankle, or...
Adhesive capsulitis is characterized as significant decrease range of motion, stiffness, and pain with movement of the shoulder joint. According to the Amercian Association of Orthopedic Surgeons, adhesive capsulitis affects individuals ages 40...
Tissue attachments that limit movement of the spinal cord cause a condition known as tethered spinal cord disorder. Abnormal stretching of the spinal cord occurs due to this progressive disorder, and it may not be diagnosed until adulthood, when...
Rupturing your spleen means the covering of your spleen breaks open, allowing blood to escape into your abdomen. Obviously, this isn’t ideal, and it could lead to life-threatening complications, but the severity of the rupture often dictates...
According to the textbook "Sports Medicine A Comprehensive Approach," the shoulder is now recognized as a primary source of functional disability in a large variety of sports, particularly those with repetitive overhead motions. The textbook also...
In the original Latin, "cervix" means "neck." C4 is a term used to refer to the fourth cervical nerve, meaning the nerve that emerges from the spinal cord between the third and fourth vertebrae of the neck. The C4 nerve is part of the cervical...
Cervical radiculopathy refers to an abnormality affecting the nerves exiting the spinal cord at the level of the neck. Most commonly, this is irritation or pinching of the nerve by a herniated disc or bone spur. Pressure from the bulging disc or...
The medial collateral ligament (MCL) of the knee can become injured, leading to knee pain. The MCL is located on the inner side of the knee and causes pain over the side of the knee. The ligament can be stretched or torn resulting in symptoms of...
Tendinitis is the inflammation of a tendon, one of the structures that holds your joints together. Thumb tendinitis, a condition called DeQuervain's syndrome, is the inflammation of the tendon that is located where your thumb connects to your...
Chemical peels are not a new idea. In fact, chemical peels existed as early as the 1940s, according to the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston. Chemical peels wound the skin and encourage new collagen growth, which in turn helps smooth...
Diverticulitis is a fairly common bowel disease that is linked to diet. Diverticulitis can lead to serious complications, such as a rupture of the intestine. Taking probiotics may help diverticulitis. You can get probiotics from foods such as...
A herniated lumbar disc is a rupture in one of the rubbery cushions between the individual vertebrae in your spine. There are different methods to repair a herniated disc. Often rest and physical therapy help to treat the herniated disc. Rarely,...
De Quervain’s tendonitis can be a very painful condition. First described by De Quervain in 1895, this condition involves inflammation of the tendons of the extensor and abductor muscles of your thumb which run together in a common canal....
Retrocalcaneal bursitis is an inflammation or infection of the bursae at the back of the heel bone. Bursae are fluid-filled sacs that cushion the joints and prevent the bones from becoming injured due to friction. Because this condition can...
Ankle fractures are a common orthopedic problem. Assessing the instability of the ankle fragments helps guide management of the fracture. Not all fractures require surgery, but sometimes surgery is preferred to improve outcomes. Initial fracture...
Tendinitis is a condition of inflammation of the tendon. The condition is painful and can limit range of motion of a joint. Tendinitis can occur in anyone, but is more common in adults over the age of 40. Preventing tendinitis involves avoiding...
The acromioclavicular (AC) joint is the joint where the clavicle articulates with the scapula at the acromion. The term AC joint separation refers to ligamentous injuries to the acromioclavicular or coracoclavicular ligments, resulting in...
The principles of acute fracture management involve stabilizing the patient who may have other injuries more life-threatening, checking the neurovascular status of the patient, performing a reduction or attempting to correct the anatomic...
Radial tunnel syndrome is a compressive neuropathy where there is pressure on the radial nerve near the elbow. There is resulting weakness of the forearm muscles and possible numbness and tingling in the hand. Treatment is aimed at relieving the...
Ankle fractures can occur in the tibia, fibula or talus. Nonoperative ankle fractures can be minor to moderate breaks treatable with an aircast, or they may be more severe and treated with a walking boot. Operative fractures usually require...
Cervical radiculopathy, caused by pressure on the nerves in the neck area, can be painful and debilitating. Pain relief is possible with the correct care and exercises. The goal of exercising your cervical area is to relieve pressure on the nerves...
Broken legs are usually significant injuries. Learn how to diagnose and treat a broken leg in this medical video.
Bennett's fracture takes place at the base of the thumb. Learn how to diagnose and treat a Bennett's fracture in this medical video.
Plantar fasciitis is a painful irritation on the underside of the heel. Learn how to diagnose and treat plantar fasciitis in this medical video.
