Cervical cancer was once the leading cause of cancer death in women, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. It has decreased over the past 40 years, primarily because of the prevalence of cervical cell testing, known as the...
An obstetrician/gynecologist gives a woman a Pap smear during her annual gynecological examination, which checks for abnormalities in her cervix. The American Pregnancy Association recommends that women get their yearly Pap smear by age 21 or...
Barrett's esophagus occurs when the lining of the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach, known as the esophagus, is damaged and begins to look more like the lining of the intestine, according to the National Digestive Diseases...
A pap test or pap smear is a test that physicians use to look for changes in the cells of the cervix, the opening of the uterus that sits at the top of the vagina. During a pap test, a physician or nurse practitioner will collect sample cervical...
In 2001, the Bethesda System was developed and is now widely used for classification of pap smears, according to the American Social Health Association. This system groups types of abnormal paps together and makes it easier for clinicians to know...
The cervix is the opening of the uterus and is located in the upper end of the vagina. Cervical dysplasia is a medical condition that occurs when the cells of the cervix change. This abnormal change typically stems from an infection to the cervix....
Pap smears can diagnose cervical cancer at a very early stage. Pap smears, which are simple, painless tests that examine cells scraped off the surface of the cervix, should be done every 3 years up until age 65 to 70. Most laboratories grade pap...
In 2012, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and the American Cancer Society both recommended less frequent cervical cancer screenings for American women. The recommendation may appear counterintuitive because an early cancer diagnosis often...
Precancerous cervical lesions, also called cervical dysplasia, are abnormal cells on the surface of the cervix. Cervical dysplasia is classified as low or high grade. Low grade cervical dysplasia grows slowly and may resolve without treatment, the...
The pap smear is a laboratory test that is performed on cervical cells to determine whether cellular changes are present. These changes can indicate a precancerous condition or the presence of cancer in the female reproductive tract....
The National Institute of Health reports that human papillomavirus, or HPV causes most cases of cervical cancer and dysplasia. Cervical dysplasia refers to a condition characterized by an abnormal growth of cells on the cervix, indicating the...
What is a Pap Smear (or a Papanicolauo's Test)? Pap smears, also called cervical smears, are very important for women who start having sex in their early teens. This may be because the young cervix is more vulnerable to cancerous changes when...
Bursitis in the hip (trochanteric bursitis) is a painful condition most commonly seen in middle age or later. The trochanteric bursa is a fluid-filled cavity that sits above the prominent bone on the side of the hip. According to the Mayo Clinic,...
Fibromuscular dysplasia, or FMD, is a problem in one or more arteries that can occur in your abdomen. Abnormal groups of cells form and grow in the wall of the arteries. This, the Mayo Clinic reports, narrows your affect artery and reduces the...
Cervical dysplasia is a condition where the cells of the cervix grow abnormally. It is a precancerous condition with three stages: CIN I---mild dysplasia where only the lower third of the cells are abnormal, CIN II---moderate, where up to two...
Cervical dysplasia is a condition characterized by the presence of abnormal or precancerous cells on the surface of the cervix. According to the Cleveland Clinic website, cervical dysplasia may be linked to the human papilloma virus (HPV). Mild...
Empowher.com describes dysplasia as any growth or development of abnormal cells. Dysplasia in the body can take many forms and affect different areas. It typically arises from abnormal cell or tissue proliferation, and is treated in a variety of...
There are approximately 15 different types of human papillomavirus (HPV) that are sexually transmitted that cause infection and can lead to cervical cancer. HPV infection can cause cells to change to a precancerous state, sometimes eventually...
According to BioMedSearch.com, fetal kidneys can be visualized with ultrasound from as early as twelve weeks. Because these organs are so easy to visualize, congenital defects in the kidney can be identified, and in some instances surgically...
The hip joint is a ball and socket joint. The head of the femur, or thighbone, forms the ball. It nestles within a socket in the pelvic bone called the "acetabulum," a Latin term meaning "little vinegar cup, " which is a reference to the shape...
Dysplasia is a medical term that literally means “disordered growth” and can be applied to numerous systems in the body. It means that the size or shape of affected cells have been affected by abnormal growth. Each type of dysplasia...
The esophagus transports swallowed food and liquids to the stomach. Normally, it is lined with skin-like cells called squamous epithelial cells. With Barrett's esophagus, the normal cells at the lower end of the esophagus near the stomach are...
The most common cause of an abnormal Pap smear is the presence of the sexually transmitted human papilloma virus, or HPV, according to the United States Department of Health and Human Services. A Pap smear checks for abnormal changes in the cells...
Dysplasia is a term that describes abnormal cell growth on the body. Different types of dysplasia diseases can affect different areas of the body, including the cervix, bones and cardiovascular system, specifically the arteries. Dysplasia diseases...
There is no consistent pattern as to the cause or prognosis of renal cysts. Although usually associated with children, renal cysts can strike at any age. They can be caused by malignancies, genetic transmission or developmental problems in utero....
Your skeletal system, made of up of your bones, joints, tendons and ligaments, provides your body with structure and stability. Sometimes an infection, injury, lack of blood flow or genetic problems may wreak havoc on the skeleton. Osteomyelitis,...
Premature infants are babies who are born before the 37th week of gestation. A premature birth shortens the time for development and maturation in the womb. The risk of complications increases the earlier the baby is born. The result is an...
Thanatophoric dysplasia, also referred to as thanatophoric dwarfism, is a form of skeletal dysplasia characterized by abnormal skeletal growth and development which occurs in approximately 1 in 20,000 to 50,000 births, according to the National...
The College of American Pathologists defines cervical dysplasia as the growth of abnormal cells on the surface of the lining of the cervix. If cervical dysplasia is not treated, it can develop into cervical cancer. Treatment for cervical dysplasia...
