Definition
Palpitations are heartbeat sensations that feel like your heart is pounding or racing. You may simply have an unpleasant awareness of your own heartbeat, or may feel skipped or stopped beats. The heart's rhythm may be normal or abnormal. Palpitations can be felt in your chest, throat, or neck. See also: Arrhythmia
Alternative names
Heartbeat sensations; Irregular heartbeat; Palpitations; Heart pounding or racing
Causes
Heart palpitations can be caused by: Exercise Anxiety , stress, fear Fever Caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, diet pills Overactive thyroid Anemia Hyperventilation Low levels of oxygen in your blood Medications such as thyroid pills, asthma drugs, beta blockers, or anti-arrhythmics. (Medications to treat an irregular heart rhythm will sometimes cause a different irregular rhythm). Mitral valve prolapse , a condition in which the valve that separates the left upper chamber (atriu...
Definition
Palpitations are heartbeat sensations that feel like your heart is pounding or racing. You may simply have an unpleasant awareness of your own heartbeat, or may feel skipped or stopped beats. The heart's rhythm may be normal or abnormal. Palpitations can be felt in your chest, throat, or neck.
See also: Arrhythmia
Alternative names
Heartbeat sensations; Irregular heartbeat; Palpitations; Heart pounding or racing
Causes
Heart palpitations can be caused by:
- Exercise
- Anxiety, stress, fear
- Fever
- Caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, diet pills
- Overactive thyroid
- Anemia
- Hyperventilation
- Low levels of oxygen in your blood
- Medications such as thyroid pills, asthma drugs, beta blockers, or anti-arrhythmics. (Medications to treat an irregular heart rhythm will sometimes cause a different irregular rhythm).
- Mitral valve prolapse, a condition in which the valve that separates the left upper chamber (atrium) from the left lower chamber (ventricle) of the heart does not close properly
- Heart disease
Considerations
Normally the heart beats 60 - 100 times per minute. In people who exercise routinely or take medications that slow the heart, the rate may drop below 55 beats per minute.
If your heart rate is very fast (over 100 beats per minute), this is called tachycardia. An unusually slow heart rate is called bradycardia. An occasional extra heartbeat is known as extrasystole.
Palpitations are usually not serious. However, it depends on whether or not the sensations represent an abnormal heart rhythm ( arrhythmia). The following conditions make you more likely to have an abnormal heart rhythm:
- Known heart disease at the time the palpitations begin
- Significant risk factors for heart disease
- An abnormal heart valve
- An electrolyte abnormality in your blood -- for example, a low potassium level
Care
Reducing your caffeine intake will often significantly reduce your heart palpitations. Reducing stress and anxiety can help lessen the frequency or intensity of your heart palpitations. Try breathing exercises or deep relaxation (a step-by-step process of tensing and then relaxing every muscle group in your body) when palpitations occur. Practicing yoga or tai chi on a regular basis can reduce the frequency of your palpitations.
Keep a record of how often you have palpitations, when they happen, how long they last, your heart rate at the time of the palpitations, and what you are feeling at the time. This information may help your doctor figure out both their seriousness and their underlying cause.
Once a serious cause has been ruled out by your doctor, try NOT to pay attention to heart palpitations, unless you notice a sudden increase or a change in them.
If you have never had heart palpitations before, bring them to the attention of your health care provider.
When to contact a medical professional
Call 911 if:
Call your doctor right away if:
- You feel frequent extra heartbeats (more than 6 per minute or coming in groups of 3 or more).
- You have risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol, diabetes, or high blood pressure.
- You have new or different heart palpitations.
- Your pulse is more than 100 beats per minute (without exercise, anxiety, or fever).
What to Expect at Your Office Visit
Your doctor will take a medical history, perform a physical exam, and do an EKG (electrocardiogram).
If you have chest pain, shortness of breath, or other worrisome symptoms, and are in the emergency room, your cardiac rhythm will be monitored. An emergency intervention will be performed if necessary to restore normal cardiac rhythm.
If you do not have the symptoms at the time of your visit, the doctor will want to know what your pulse was at the time you felt the palpitations and whether or not the rhythm felt regular.
You may be asked:
- Do you feel skipped or stopped beats?
- Does your heart rate feel slow or fast when you have the palpitations?
- Do you feel a racing, pounding, or fluttering?
- Is there a regular or irregular pattern to the unusual heartbeat sensations?
- Did the palpitations begin or end suddenly?
- When do the palpitations occur? In response to reminders of a traumatic event? When you are lying down and resting? When you change your body position? When you feel emotional?
- Do you have any other symptoms?
As part of your physical exam, your doctor will check your temperature, pulse, breathing rate, and blood pressure. Special attention should be paid to your heart and lungs.
Diagnostic tests that may be performed include:
If your doctor finds you have an abnormal heart rhythm, write down what it is called and be sure to tell other professionals involved in your medical care.
References
A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch). The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- 2008 A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.
Review Date: .5/1/2008
Reviewed By: David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.5/1/2008
Posted On November 18, 2008 09:20:29 AM
Posted On November 18, 2008 09:31:45 AM
Posted On November 3, 2008 02:41:35 PM
Posted On November 3, 2008 06:46:40 PM
Posted On July 10, 2008 05:11:55 AM
Posted On July 9, 2008 08:33:02 PM
Posted On September 27, 2008 12:42:51 PM
Posted On July 21, 2008 01:57:12 PM
Posted On July 21, 2008 08:23:39 PM
Posted On March 24, 2008 06:09:51 PM
Posted On March 24, 2008 03:18:00 PM
Posted On October 15, 2008 04:44:20 AM
Posted On October 14, 2008 05:56:28 PM
Posted On July 25, 2006 01:55:49 PM
Posted On February 4, 2008 04:23:32 PM
Posted On February 4, 2008 04:55:13 PM
Posted On August 27, 2008 09:05:01 AM
Posted On August 27, 2008 09:21:39 AM
Posted On January 9, 2008 07:06:48 PM
Posted On January 10, 2008 03:47:24 AM
Posted On March 20, 2008 03:29:57 AM
Posted On March 20, 2008 03:43:25 AM
Posted On January 2, 2008 06:43:35 AM
Posted On January 2, 2008 09:33:30 AM
Posted On November 17, 2008 05:16:59 PM
Posted On November 18, 2008 09:33:20 AM
Posted On September 27, 2008 05:05:10 PM
Posted On September 27, 2008 05:34:31 AM
Posted On March 2, 2009 02:27:54 PM
Posted On February 6, 2008 04:01:38 AM
Posted On January 2, 2008 08:28:48 PM
Posted On January 2, 2008 09:17:35 AM
Posted On October 3, 2008 12:05:01 PM
Posted On October 3, 2008 01:08:33 PM
